General transcription factors assemble with the RNA polymerase at promoter DNA to form the pre-initiation complex (PIC), bind to and open promoter DNA, initiate RNA synthesis and stimulate the escape of the polymerase from the promoter. Not all subunits of the general transcription factor are necessarily present in all promoters to initiate transcription. The distinction between general transcription factors and DNA-binding transcription factors is that the latter modulate the selection of which genes are expressed under specific conditions, while general transcription factors belong to the constitutive machinery required for transcription to occur.
GO:0016251
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RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity
Molecular Function
Definition (GO:0016251 GONUTS page)
A general transcription initiation factor activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP). In most species, RNA polymerase II transcribes all messenger RNAs (mRNAs), most untranslated regulatory RNAs, the majority of the snoRNAs, four of the five snRNAs (U1, U2, U4, and U5), and other small noncoding RNAs. For some small RNAs there is variability between species as to whether it is transcribed by RNA polymerase II or RNA polymerase III. However there are also rare exceptions, such as Trypanosoma brucei, where RNA polymerase I transcribes certain mRNAs in addition to its normal role in rRNA transcription. PMID:10384286 PMID:10747032 PMID:23442138 PMID:25693126
Comments
General transcription factors assemble with the RNA polymerase at promoter DNA to form the pre-initiation complex (PIC), bind to and open promoter DNA, initiate RNA synthesis and stimulate the escape of the polymerase from the promoter. Not all subunits of the general transcription factor are necessarily present in all promoters to initiate transcription. The distinction between general transcription factors and DNA-binding transcription factors is that the latter modulate the selection of which genes are expressed under specific conditions, while general transcription factors belong to the constitutive machinery required for transcription to occur.
Secondary IDs
GO:0000983, GO:0001075, GO:0003703
Synonyms
Synonyms are alternative words or phrases closely related in meaning to the term name, with indication of the relationship between the name and synonym given by the synonym scope.
Synonym | Type |
---|---|
GTF2 activity | exact |
transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific binding involved in preinitiation complex assembly | related |
basal RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity | exact |
general RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity | exact |
sequence-specific core promoter binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity involved in preinitiation complex assembly | related |
RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity | related |
RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in preinitiation complex assembly | related |
transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding | related |
Ancestor Chart
Taxon Constraints
The use of this term should conform to the following taxon constraints:
Ancestor GO ID | Ancestor GO Term Name | Relationship | Taxon ID | Taxon | Reference(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GO:0016251 | RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity | Never in Taxon | 2 | Bacteria |
More information on taxon constraints in GO is available here
Annotation Blacklist
This list aims to correct incorrect annotations to UniProtKB accessions inferred from electronic annotation (IEA) methods that are supplied by the UniProt-GOA project to the GO Consortium:
Category | Entity Type | Entity ID | Taxon ID | Entity Name | Ancestor GO ID | Reason | Rule/Method ID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NOT-qualified manual | protein | Q96327 | 3702 | EBP1_ARATH | GO:0006351 | 1 NOT-qualified manual annotation exists with evidence code ECO:0000314 from this reference: PMID:15689342 |
Cross-references
Database | ID | Description |
---|---|---|
InterPro | IPR021281 | Small nuclear RNA activating complex subunit 2 |
InterPro | IPR037796 | Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 6 |
InterPro | IPR040240 | Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 1 |
Replaces
This term can be used instead of these obsolete terms:
GO Identifier | GO Term Name | Reason |
---|---|---|
GO:0016252 | obsolete nonspecific RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity | consider GO:0016251 |
Co-occurring Terms
These tables show the number of times the term listed in the table has been co-annotated.
No co-occurrence statistics for GO:0016251 based on ALL annotations
The top 100 of 776 co-occurring terms
Co-occurring Term | PR | S% | #Together | #Compared |
---|---|---|---|---|
RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity
|
3,081.01 | 100.00 | 63,271 | 63,271 |
transcription factor TFIID complex
|
2,246.70 | 57.19 | 45,938 | 62,997 |
RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly
|
2,302.89 | 40.18 | 29,415 | 39,354 |
transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter
|
1,409.28 | 37.63 | 43,000 | 94,008 |
TBP-class protein binding
|
904.38 | 14.10 | 13,509 | 46,022 |
SAGA complex
|
801.88 | 13.66 | 14,136 | 54,314 |
negative cofactor 2 complex
|
3,069.36 | 9.15 | 5,793 | 5,815 |
SLIK (SAGA-like) complex
|
2,152.76 | 9.02 | 5,937 | 8,497 |
protein heterodimerization activity
|
294.14 | 8.29 | 24,431 | 255,908 |
TFIIF-class transcription factor complex binding
|
3,002.31 | 6.08 | 3,853 | 3,954 |
Totals | 481230 | 19768775 |
No co-occurrence statistics for GO:0016251 based on MANUAL annotations
The top 100 of 402 co-occurring terms
Co-occurring Term | PR | S% | #Together | #Compared |
---|---|---|---|---|
RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity
|
631.07 | 100.00 | 2,047 | 2,047 |
transcription factor TFIID complex
|
440.41 | 45.13 | 1,148 | 1,645 |
RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly
|
473.17 | 38.53 | 905 | 1,207 |
TBP-class protein binding
|
450.65 | 24.54 | 557 | 780 |
transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter
|
233.11 | 20.78 | 659 | 1,784 |
DNA-templated transcription initiation
|
375.62 | 19.93 | 472 | 793 |
SAGA complex
|
177.37 | 12.18 | 362 | 1,288 |
transcription preinitiation complex
|
266.95 | 10.86 | 261 | 617 |
core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
|
232.10 | 6.62 | 153 | 416 |
transcription factor TFIIA complex
|
427.90 | 6.58 | 139 | 205 |
Totals | 9663 | 361040 |
Change Log
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Timestamp | Action | Category | Detail |
---|---|---|---|
2024-09-05 | Added | CONSTRAINT | never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:2 (Bacteria) |
2020-11-10 | Deleted | DEFINITION | A general transcription initiation factor activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP). RNA polymerase II transcribes all messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and most regulatory, untranslated RNAs. |
2020-11-10 | Added | DEFINITION | A general transcription initiation factor activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP). In most species, RNA polymerase II transcribes all messenger RNAs (mRNAs), most untranslated regulatory RNAs, the majority of the snoRNAs, four of the five snRNAs (U1, U2, U4, and U5), and other small noncoding RNAs. For some small RNAs there is variability between species as to whether it is transcribed by RNA polymerase II or RNA polymerase III. However there are also rare exceptions, such as Trypanosoma brucei, where RNA polymerase I transcribes certain mRNAs in addition to its normal role in rRNA transcription. |
2020-11-07 | Added | DEFINITION | A general transcription initiation factor activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP). RNA polymerase II transcribes all messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and most regulatory, untranslated RNAs. |
2020-11-07 | Deleted | DEFINITION | An activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP). |
2018-10-18 | Added | SYNONYM | transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific binding involved in preinitiation complex assembly |
2018-10-18 | Added | SYNONYM | transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding |
2018-10-18 | Added | SECONDARY | GO:0001075 (transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific binding involved in preinitiation complex assembly) |
2018-10-18 | Added | SYNONYM | RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity |
2018-10-18 | Added | SECONDARY | GO:0000983 (transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding) |
Timestamp | Action | Category | Detail |
---|---|---|---|
2018-05-31 | Updated | TERM | RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity |
2015-06-18 | Updated | TERM | obsolete general RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity |
2011-05-16 | Updated | TERM | general RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity |
2003-03-19 | Updated | TERM | general RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity |
2002-02-06 | Updated | TERM | general RNA polymerase II transcription factor |
2001-04-03 | Updated | TERM | general RNA polymerase II transcription factor |
2001-03-30 | Added | TERM | general RNA polymerase II transcription factor |
Timestamp | Action | Category | Detail |
---|---|---|---|
2020-11-10 | Deleted | DEFINITION | A general transcription initiation factor activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP). RNA polymerase II transcribes all messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and most regulatory, untranslated RNAs. |
2020-11-10 | Added | DEFINITION | A general transcription initiation factor activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP). In most species, RNA polymerase II transcribes all messenger RNAs (mRNAs), most untranslated regulatory RNAs, the majority of the snoRNAs, four of the five snRNAs (U1, U2, U4, and U5), and other small noncoding RNAs. For some small RNAs there is variability between species as to whether it is transcribed by RNA polymerase II or RNA polymerase III. However there are also rare exceptions, such as Trypanosoma brucei, where RNA polymerase I transcribes certain mRNAs in addition to its normal role in rRNA transcription. |
2020-11-07 | Added | DEFINITION | A general transcription initiation factor activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP). RNA polymerase II transcribes all messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and most regulatory, untranslated RNAs. |
2020-11-07 | Deleted | DEFINITION | An activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP). |
2018-10-18 | Added | SYNONYM | transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific binding involved in preinitiation complex assembly |
2018-10-18 | Added | SYNONYM | transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding |
2018-10-18 | Added | SYNONYM | RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity |
2018-10-18 | Added | SYNONYM | RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in preinitiation complex assembly |
2018-10-18 | Added | SYNONYM | sequence-specific core promoter binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity involved in preinitiation complex assembly |
2018-05-31 | Added | SYNONYM | GTF2 activity |
2018-05-31 | Added | DEFINITION | An activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP). |
2018-05-31 | Added | SYNONYM | basal RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity |
2018-05-31 | Deleted | DEFINITION | OBSOLETE. Any function that supports basal (unregulated) transcription of genes by core RNA polymerase II. Five general transcription factors are necessary and sufficient for such basal transcription in yeast: TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBF). |
2015-06-18 | Added | SYNONYM | general RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity |
2011-05-16 | Added | DEFINITION | OBSOLETE. Any function that supports basal (unregulated) transcription of genes by core RNA polymerase II. Five general transcription factors are necessary and sufficient for such basal transcription in yeast: TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBF). |
2011-05-16 | Deleted | DEFINITION | Any function that supports basal (unregulated) transcription of genes by core RNA polymerase II. Five general transcription factors are necessary and sufficient for such basal transcription in yeast: TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBF). |
2008-05-13 | Added | DEFINITION | Any function that supports basal (unregulated) transcription of genes by core RNA polymerase II. Five general transcription factors are necessary and sufficient for such basal transcription in yeast: TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBF). |
2008-05-12 | Deleted | DEFINITION | Any function that supports basal (unregulated) transcription of genes by core RNA polymerase II. Five general transcription factors are necessary and sufficient for such basal transcription in yeast: TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBF). |
2003-03-26 | Updated | DEFINITION | Any function that supports basal (unregulated) transcription of genes by core RNA polymerase II. Five general transcription factors are necessary and sufficient for such basal transcription in yeast: TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBF). |
2003-03-19 | Deleted | SYNONYM | non-specific RNA polymerase II transcription factor |
2003-03-19 | Deleted | SYNONYM | general RNA polymerase II transcription factor |
2002-11-27 | Updated | DEFINITION | The functions that supports basal (unregulated) transcription of genes by core RNA polymerase II. Five general transcription factors are necessary and sufficient for such basal transcription in yeast: TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBF). |
2002-05-30 | Added | SYNONYM | general RNA polymerase II transcription factor |
2002-05-23 | Added | SYNONYM | non-specific RNA polymerase II transcription factor |
2001-08-06 | Added | DEFINITION | A protein that is required to support basal (unregulated) transcription of genes by core RNA polymerase II. Five general transcription factors are necessary and sufficient for such basal transcription in yeast: TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBF). |
Timestamp | Action | Category | Detail |
---|---|---|---|
2018-08-20 | Deleted | RELATION | part of GO:0006357 (regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II) |
2018-08-20 | Added | RELATION | part of GO:0006366 (transcription by RNA polymerase II) |
2018-05-31 | Added | RELATION | part of GO:0006357 (regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II) |
2018-05-31 | Added | RELATION | is a GO:0140223 (general transcription initiation factor activity) |
2011-05-16 | Deleted | RELATION | is a GO:0003702 (obsolete RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity) |
2008-04-01 | Updated | RELATION | is a GO:0003702 (obsolete RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity) |
Timestamp | Action | Category | Detail |
---|
Timestamp | Action | Category | Detail |
---|---|---|---|
2024-09-05 | Added | CONSTRAINT | never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:2 (Bacteria) |
2018-10-18 | Added | SECONDARY | GO:0001075 (transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific binding involved in preinitiation complex assembly) |
2018-10-18 | Added | SECONDARY | GO:0000983 (transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding) |
2018-05-31 | Deleted | OBSOLETION | consider GO:0006366 (transcription by RNA polymerase II) |
2018-05-31 | Deleted | OBSOLETION | consider GO:0001076 (obsolete transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding) |
2018-05-31 | Deleted | OBSOLETION | consider GO:0000991 (obsolete transcription factor activity, core RNA polymerase II binding) |
2018-05-31 | Deleted | OBSOLETION | consider GO:0000981 (DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific) |
2011-05-16 | Added | OBSOLETION | consider GO:0000991 (obsolete transcription factor activity, core RNA polymerase II binding) |
2011-05-16 | Added | OBSOLETION | consider GO:0000981 (DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific) |
2011-05-16 | Added | OBSOLETION | consider GO:0001076 (obsolete transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding) |
2011-05-16 | Added | OBSOLETION | consider GO:0006366 (transcription by RNA polymerase II) |
2002-06-14 | Deleted | SECONDARY | GO:0016252 (obsolete nonspecific RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity) |
2002-05-23 | Added | SECONDARY | GO:0016252 (obsolete nonspecific RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity) |
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