Diphenhydramine, sold under the brand name Benadryl among others, is an antihistamine and sedative. It is a first-generation H1-antihistamine and it works by blocking certain effects of histamine, which produces its antihistamine and sedative effects. Diphenhydramine is also a potent anticholinergic. It is mainly used to treat allergies, insomnia, and symptoms of the common cold. It is also less commonly used for tremors in parkinsonism, and nausea. It is taken by mouth, injected into a vein, injected into a muscle, or applied to the skin. Maximal effect is typically around two hours after a dose, and effects can last for up to seven hours.
Common side effects include sleepiness, poor coordination, and upset stomach. There is no clear risk of harm when used during pregnancy; however, use during breastfeeding is not recommended.
It was developed by George Rieveschl and put into commercial use in 1946. It is available as a generic medication, In 2022, it was the 258th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.
Its sedative and deliriant effects have led to some cases of recreational use. |
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Bronsted base
A molecular entity capable of accepting a hydron from a donor (Bronsted acid).
(via organic amino compound )
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parasympatholytic
Any cholinergic antagonist that inhibits the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system. The major group of drugs used therapeutically for this purpose is the muscarinic antagonists.
calcium channel blocker
One of a class of drugs that acts by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cell membranes or on the release and binding of calcium in intracellular pools.
muscarinic antagonist
A drug that binds to but does not activate muscarinic cholinergic receptors, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous acetylcholine or exogenous agonists.
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parasympatholytic
Any cholinergic antagonist that inhibits the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system. The major group of drugs used therapeutically for this purpose is the muscarinic antagonists.
antispasmodic drug
A drug that suppresses spasms. These are usually caused by smooth muscle contraction, especially in tubular organs. The effect is to prevent spasms of the stomach, intestine or urinary bladder.
muscle relaxant
A drug used to produce muscle relaxation (excepting neuromuscular blocking agents). Its primary clinical and therapeutic use is the treatment of muscle spasm and immobility associated with strains, sprains, and injuries of the back and, to a lesser degree, injuries to the neck. Also used for the treatment of a variety of clinical conditions that have in common only the presence of skeletal muscle hyperactivity, for example, the muscle spasms that can occur in multiple sclerosis.
local anaesthetic
Any member of a group of drugs that reversibly inhibit the propagation of signals along nerves. Wide variations in potency, stability, toxicity, water-solubility and duration of action determine the route used for administration, e.g. topical, intravenous, epidural or spinal block.
muscarinic antagonist
A drug that binds to but does not activate muscarinic cholinergic receptors, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous acetylcholine or exogenous agonists.
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View more via ChEBI Ontology
rac-4-(diethylamino)but-2-yn-1-yl cyclohexyl(hydroxy)phenylacetate
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oxibutinina
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oxybutynin
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oxybutynine
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ChemIDplus
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oxybutyninum
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ChemIDplus
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ditropan
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DrugCentral
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kentera
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Oxybutynin
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KEGG COMPOUND
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2028
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C07360
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KEGG COMPOUND
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D00465
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KEGG DRUG
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DB01062
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DrugBank
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GB940540
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Patent
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LSM-5111
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LINCS
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Oxybutynin
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View more database links |
2707356
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Beilstein Registry Number
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Beilstein
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5633-20-5
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CAS Registry Number
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KEGG COMPOUND
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5633-20-5
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CAS Registry Number
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ChemIDplus
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