Anaphase-Promoting core complex
Components
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protein -
MND2 (unspecified role)
Anaphase-promoting complex subunit MND2
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protein -
DOC1 (unspecified role)
Anaphase-promoting complex subunit DOC1
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protein -
APC1 (unspecified role)
Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 1
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protein -
APC11 (enzyme)
Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 11
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protein -
APC4 (unspecified role)
Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 4
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Show all components |
Function
APC, a key regulator of cell cycle progression, is a conserved cullin-RING E3 ubiqutin ligase which facilitates multiubiqutination of cell cycle proteins, including cyclins, so marking them for proteasomal destruction. Generally believed that APC acts as a scaffold that brings E2 enzymes and substrates into close proximity. APC activity is required for metaphase-anaphase transition, mitotic exit, G1 phase and DNA replication. Targets securin for destruction, which is necessary for chromosome segregation. APC seems to have similar function in meiosis. Co-activators, CDC20 and CDH1, associate with APC core complex at specific stages of cell cycle, and are thought to be involved in substrate specificity. APC-Cdc20 (CPX-760) is active in presence of high cyclin-cdk activity in M phase but after metaphase when cyclin-cdk activity decreases, Cdh1 is dephosphorylated, CDC20 is degraded and APC-CDH1 (CPX-761) activated. Ama1 (CPX-762) is meiotic co-activator required for sporulation and contributes to securin degradation and cyclin Clb5 in anaphase of meiosis. All APC co-activators, characterized by the presence of sequence elements, C-box and the IR-tail, that mediate their binding to APC, contain a C-terminal WD40 domain, predicted to fold into a propeller-like structure, believed to recognize APC substrates by interacting with specific recognition elements in substrates, D-boxes and KEN-boxes. Genetic inactivation of APC is lethal.
Catalytic Activity
EC Numbers (1)
6.3.2.19 |
GO - Molecular Function (1)
ubiquitin protein ligase activity |
GO - Biological Process (3)
anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process |
protein ubiquitination |
regulation of mitotic cell cycle |
Properties
Expression and Cellular Location
Gene Expression Map
GO - Cellular Component (1)
anaphase-promoting complex |
Additional Information
Further Reading
Identifier | Title | Author(s) |
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9695848 | Proteolytic ratchets that control progression through mitosis. | Townsley FM, Ruderman JV. |
15678131 | The anaphase-promoting complex: a key factor in the regulation of cell cycle. | Castro A, Bernis C, Vigneron S, Labbé JC, Lorca T. |
16896351 | The anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome: a machine designed to destroy. | Peters JM. |
16364911 | Structural analysis of the anaphase-promoting complex reveals multiple active sites and insights into polyubiquitylation. | Passmore LA, Booth CR, Vénien-Bryan C, Ludtke SJ, Fioretto C, Johnson LN, Chiu W, Barford D. |
15797379 | The yeast APC/C subunit Mnd2 prevents premature sister chromatid separation triggered by the meiosis-specific APC/C-Ama1. | Oelschlaegel T, Schwickart M, Matos J, Bogdanova A, Camasses A, Havlis J, Shevchenko A, Zachariae W. |
29167309 | Visualizing the complex functions and mechanisms of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). | Alfieri C, Zhang S, Barford D. |
Synonyms (6)
Anaphase-Promoting Complex |
Anaphase Promoting Complex/Cyclosome |
APC/C |
APC |
Cyclosome |
Show all |
Systematic Name
APC1:APC2:APC4:APC5:APC9:APC11:CDC16:CDC23:CDC26:CDC27:DOC1:MND2:SWM1 |