EMD-33493
TSHR-K1-70 complex
EMD-33493
Single-particle5.5 Å
Deposition: 26/05/2022
Map released: 17/08/2022
Last modified: 13/03/2024
Sample Organism:
Homo sapiens,
Homo
Sample: TSHR-thyroid stimulating hormone-Gs-ML109 complex
Fitted models: 7xw7 (Avg. Q-score: 0.04)
Deposition Authors: Duan J, Xu P , Luan X , Ji Y, Yuan Q, He X , Ye J, Cheng X , Jiang H , Zhang S , Jiang Y , Xu HE
Sample: TSHR-thyroid stimulating hormone-Gs-ML109 complex
Fitted models: 7xw7 (Avg. Q-score: 0.04)
Deposition Authors: Duan J, Xu P , Luan X , Ji Y, Yuan Q, He X , Ye J, Cheng X , Jiang H , Zhang S , Jiang Y , Xu HE
Hormone- and antibody-mediated activation of the thyrotropin receptor.
Duan J,
Xu P ,
Luan X ,
Ji Y,
He X ,
Song N,
Yuan Q,
Jin Y,
Cheng X ,
Jiang H ,
Zheng J,
Zhang S ,
Jiang Y ,
Xu HE
(2022) Nature , 609 , 854 - 859
(2022) Nature , 609 , 854 - 859
Abstract:
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), through activation of its G-protein-coupled thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), controls the synthesis of thyroid hormone-an essential metabolic hormone1-3. Aberrant signalling of TSHR by autoantibodies causes Graves' disease (hyperthyroidism) and hypothyroidism, both of which affect millions of patients worldwide4. Here we report the active structures of TSHR with TSH and the activating autoantibody M225, both bound to the allosteric agonist ML-1096, as well as an inactivated TSHR structure with the inhibitory antibody K1-707. Both TSH and M22 push the extracellular domain (ECD) of TSHR into an upright active conformation. By contrast, K1-70 blocks TSH binding and cannot push the ECD into the upright conformation. Comparisons of the active and inactivated structures of TSHR with those of the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) reveal a universal activation mechanism of glycoprotein hormone receptors, in which a conserved ten-residue fragment (P10) from the hinge C-terminal loop mediates ECD interactions with the TSHR transmembrane domain8. One notable feature is that there are more than 15 cholesterols surrounding TSHR, supporting its preferential location in lipid rafts9. These structures also highlight a similar ECD-push mechanism for TSH and autoantibody M22 to activate TSHR, therefore providing the molecular basis for Graves' disease.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), through activation of its G-protein-coupled thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), controls the synthesis of thyroid hormone-an essential metabolic hormone1-3. Aberrant signalling of TSHR by autoantibodies causes Graves' disease (hyperthyroidism) and hypothyroidism, both of which affect millions of patients worldwide4. Here we report the active structures of TSHR with TSH and the activating autoantibody M225, both bound to the allosteric agonist ML-1096, as well as an inactivated TSHR structure with the inhibitory antibody K1-707. Both TSH and M22 push the extracellular domain (ECD) of TSHR into an upright active conformation. By contrast, K1-70 blocks TSH binding and cannot push the ECD into the upright conformation. Comparisons of the active and inactivated structures of TSHR with those of the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) reveal a universal activation mechanism of glycoprotein hormone receptors, in which a conserved ten-residue fragment (P10) from the hinge C-terminal loop mediates ECD interactions with the TSHR transmembrane domain8. One notable feature is that there are more than 15 cholesterols surrounding TSHR, supporting its preferential location in lipid rafts9. These structures also highlight a similar ECD-push mechanism for TSH and autoantibody M22 to activate TSHR, therefore providing the molecular basis for Graves' disease.