Structure of GPR55 in complex with G13 and synthetic agonist ML184
Claff T, Ebenhoch R, Kley JT, Magarkar A, Nar H, Weichert D
Nat Commun (2025) 16 pp. 1973-1973 [ Pubmed: 40000629 DOI: doi:10.1038/s41467-025-57204-y ]
- Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 (26 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Water (18 Da, Ligand)
- Green fluorescent protein,g-protein coupled receptor 55 (73 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Single-chain variable fragment scfv16 (Complex from Mus musculus)
- Single-chain variable fragment scfv16 (27 kDa, Protein from Mus musculus)
- Guanine nucleotide-binding protein g(i)/g(s)/g(t) subunit beta-1 (39 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- 3-[4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]carbonyl-n,n-dimethyl-4-pyrrolidin-1-yl-benzenesulfonamide (470 Da, Ligand)
- Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (Complex from Homo sapiens)
- Guanine nucleotide-binding protein g(i)/g(s)/g(o) subunit gamma-2 (8 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Cholesterol (386 Da, Ligand)
- G-protein coupled receptor 55 with a gfp tag (Complex from Aequorea victoria)
- Structure of gpr55 in complex with g13 and synthetic agonist ml184 (180 kDa, Complex)
Structure of GPR55 in complex with G13 and endogenous lipid agonist lysophosphatidylinositol
Claff T, Ebenhoch R, Kley JT, Magarkar A, Nar H, Weichert D
Nat Commun (2025) 16 pp. 1973-1973 [ Pubmed: 40000629 DOI: doi:10.1038/s41467-025-57204-y ]
- Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 (26 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Water (18 Da, Ligand)
- [(2r)-2-oxidanyl-3-[oxidanyl-[(2r,3s,5r,6r)-2,3,4,5,6-pentakis(oxidanyl)cyclohexyl]oxy-phosphoryl]oxy-propyl] hexadecanoate (572 Da, Ligand)
- Green fluorescent protein,g-protein coupled receptor 55 (73 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Single-chain variable fragment scfv16 (Complex from Mus musculus)
- Single-chain variable fragment scfv16 (27 kDa, Protein from Mus musculus)
- Guanine nucleotide-binding protein g(i)/g(s)/g(t) subunit beta-1 (39 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (Complex from Homo sapiens)
- Guanine nucleotide-binding protein g(i)/g(s)/g(o) subunit gamma-2 (8 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- G-protein coupled receptor 55 with a gfp tag (Complex from Aequorea victoria)
- Gpr55 in complex with heterotrimeric g13 protein and endogenous lipid agonist lysophosphatidylinositol (180 kDa, Complex)
- 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-d-glucopyranose (221 Da, Ligand)
TAS2R14 receptor bound to flufenamic acid and gustducin
Peri L, Matzov D, Huxley DR, Rainish A, Fierro F, Sapir L, Pfeiffer T, Waterloo L, Hubner H, Peleg Y, Gmeiner P, McCormick PJ, Weikert D, Niv MY, Shalev-Benami M
Nat Commun (2024) 15 pp. 9991-9991 [ DOI: doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54157-6 Pubmed: 39557861 ]
TAS2R14 receptor bound to flufenamic acid and gustducin
Peri L, Matzov D, Huxley DR, Rainish A, Fierro F, Sapir L, Pfeiffer T, Waterloo L, Hubner H, Peleg Y, Gmeiner P, McCormick PJ, Weikert D, Niv MY, Shalev-Benami M
Nat Commun (2024) 15 pp. 9991-9991 [ DOI: doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54157-6 Pubmed: 39557861 ]
TAS2R14 receptor bound to flufenamic acid and gustducin
Peri L, Matzov D, Huxley DR, Rainish A, Fierro F, Sapir L, Pfeiffer T, Waterloo L, Hubner H, Peleg Y, Gmeiner P, McCormick PJ, Weikert D, Niv MY, Shalev-Benami M
Nat Commun (2024) 15 pp. 9991-9991 [ DOI: doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54157-6 Pubmed: 39557861 ]
Resolution: 3.03 Å
EM Method: Single-particle
Fitted PDBs: 8rql
Q-score: 0.48
Peri L, Matzov D, Huxley DR, Rainish A, Fierro F, Sapir L, Pfeiffer T, Waterloo L, Hubner H, Peleg Y, Gmeiner P, McCormick PJ, Weikert D, Niv MY, Shalev-Benami M
Nat Commun (2024) 15 pp. 9991-9991 [ DOI: doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54157-6 Pubmed: 39557861 ]
- Guanine nucleotide-binding protein g(i)/g(s)/g(t) subunit beta-1 (39 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Guanine nucleotide-binding protein g(t) subunit alpha-3 (25 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Guanine nucleotide-binding protein g(i)/g(s)/g(o) subunit gamma-2 (7 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Human taste receptor type 2 member 14 in complex with g-proteins (Complex from Homo sapiens)
- Human taste receptor type 2 member 14 in complex with g-proteins (118 MDa, Complex)
- 2-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino] benzoic acid (281 Da, Ligand)
- Scfv16 (antibody) (Complex from Mus musculoides)
- Taste receptor type 2 member 14 (36 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Scfv16 (27 kDa, Protein from Mus musculoides)
The cryo-EM structure of human pre-Bact complex
Resolution: 3.4 Å
EM Method: Single-particle
Fitted PDBs: 8i0p
Q-score: 0.287
Nat Commun (2024) 15 pp. 6348-6348 [ DOI: doi:10.1038/s41467-024-50785-0 Pubmed: 39068178 ]
- Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase e (33 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Bud13 homolog (70 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna (70 kDa, RNA from unidentified adenovirus)
- Dna/rna-binding protein kin17 (45 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Protein bud31 homolog (17 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Rna helicase aquarius (171 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d2 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 3 (135 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 4 (44 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein b'' (25 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein e (10 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-associated proteins b and b' (24 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Unknown polymer (2 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Cell division cycle 5-like protein (92 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Smad nuclear-interacting protein 1 (45 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 6 (14 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Crooked neck-like protein 1 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Ring-type e3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ppil2 (58 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna (Complex)
- Magnesium ion (24 Da, Ligand)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein g (8 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d1 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor syf1 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d3 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- 116 kda u5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein component (109 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- The human pre-bact complex (Complex from Homo sapiens)
- U5 snrna (37 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- Human pre-bact complex (Complex from unidentified adenovirus)
- Rna-binding motif protein, x-linked 2 (37 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pleiotropic regulator 1 (57 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U6 snrna (34 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 5 (10 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor rbm22 (46 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 2 (49 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 1 (146 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 40 kda protein (39 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Zinc ion (65 Da, Ligand)
- Serine/arginine repetitive matrix protein 1 (102 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 3 (58 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 2 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-processing-splicing factor 8 (273 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 1 (88 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein f (9 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 200 kda helicase (244 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Spliceosome-associated protein cwc15 homolog (26 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Phd finger-like domain-containing protein 5a (12 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U2 snrna (60 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein a' (28 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (523 Da, Ligand)
- Snw domain-containing protein 1 (61 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
The cryo-EM structure of human Bact-I complex
Resolution: 3.0 Å
EM Method: Single-particle
Fitted PDBs: 8i0r
Q-score: 0.388
Nat Commun (2024) 15 pp. 6348-6348 [ DOI: doi:10.1038/s41467-024-50785-0 Pubmed: 39068178 ]
- Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase e (33 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Bud13 homolog (70 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna (70 kDa, RNA from unidentified adenovirus)
- Protein bud31 homolog (17 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Rna helicase aquarius (171 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d2 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- The human bact-i complex (Complex from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 3 (135 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 4 (44 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein b'' (25 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein e (10 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-associated proteins b and b' (24 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Cell division cycle 5-like protein (92 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Smad nuclear-interacting protein 1 (45 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 6 (14 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Crooked neck-like protein 1 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor atp-dependent rna helicase dhx16 (119 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Ring-type e3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ppil2 (58 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Magnesium ion (24 Da, Ligand)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein g (8 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d1 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor syf1 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d3 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- 116 kda u5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein component (109 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U5 snrna (37 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- Rna-binding motif protein, x-linked 2 (37 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pleiotropic regulator 1 (57 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U6 snrna (34 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 5 (10 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor rbm22 (46 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 2 (49 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Serine/arginine repetitive matrix protein 2 (300 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 1 (146 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 40 kda protein (39 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Zinc ion (65 Da, Ligand)
- Serine/arginine repetitive matrix protein 1 (102 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 3 (58 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 2 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-processing-splicing factor 8 (273 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 1 (88 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Ring finger protein 113a (38 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein f (9 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 200 kda helicase (244 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Unknown polymer (10 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Spliceosome-associated protein cwc15 homolog (26 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Inositol hexakisphosphate (660 Da, Ligand)
- Phd finger-like domain-containing protein 5a (12 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U2 snrna (60 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein a' (28 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase cwc27 homolog (53 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (523 Da, Ligand)
- Snw domain-containing protein 1 (61 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor cwc22 homolog (105 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
The cryo-EM structure of human Bact-II complex
Resolution: 4.2 Å
EM Method: Single-particle
Fitted PDBs: 8i0s
Q-score: 0.15
Nat Commun (2024) 15 pp. 6348-6348 [ DOI: doi:10.1038/s41467-024-50785-0 Pubmed: 39068178 ]
- Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase e (33 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d2 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna (70 kDa, RNA from unidentified adenovirus)
- Protein bud31 homolog (17 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Rna helicase aquarius (171 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 3 (135 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 4 (44 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein b'' (25 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein e (10 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-associated proteins b and b' (24 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Cell division cycle 5-like protein (92 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- The human bact-ii complex (Complex from Homo sapiens)
- Crooked neck-like protein 1 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor atp-dependent rna helicase dhx16 (119 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Ring-type e3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ppil2 (58 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Magnesium ion (24 Da, Ligand)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein g (8 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d1 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor syf1 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d3 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- 116 kda u5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein component (109 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 1 (146 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U5 snrna (37 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- Pleiotropic regulator 1 (57 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U6 snrna (34 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 5 (10 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor rbm22 (46 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 2 (49 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Serine/arginine repetitive matrix protein 2 (300 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Snw domain-containing protein 1 (61 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase-like 1 (18 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 40 kda protein (39 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Zinc ion (65 Da, Ligand)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 3 (58 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 2 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-processing-splicing factor 8 (273 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 1 (88 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Ring finger protein 113a (38 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase-like 4 (57 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein f (9 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 200 kda helicase (244 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Spliceosome-associated protein cwc15 homolog (26 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Inositol hexakisphosphate (660 Da, Ligand)
- Phd finger-like domain-containing protein 5a (12 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U2 snrna (60 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein a' (28 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (523 Da, Ligand)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor cwc22 homolog (105 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
The cryo-EM structure of human Bact-III complex
Resolution: 3.0 Å
EM Method: Single-particle
Fitted PDBs: 8i0t
Q-score: 0.34
Nat Commun (2024) 15 pp. 6348-6348 [ DOI: doi:10.1038/s41467-024-50785-0 Pubmed: 39068178 ]
- Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase e (33 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d2 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Protein bud31 homolog (17 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Rna helicase aquarius (171 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 3 (135 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 4 (44 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein b'' (25 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein e (10 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-associated proteins b and b' (24 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Cell division cycle 5-like protein (92 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna (70 kDa, RNA from unidentified adenovirus)
- Crooked neck-like protein 1 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor atp-dependent rna helicase dhx16 (119 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Ring-type e3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ppil2 (58 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Magnesium ion (24 Da, Ligand)
- Pre-mrna-processing factor 17 (65 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein g (8 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d1 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor syf1 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein sm d3 (13 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-processing factor 19 (55 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- 116 kda u5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein component (109 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 1 (146 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U5 snrna (37 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- Pleiotropic regulator 1 (57 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U6 snrna (34 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 5 (10 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor rbm22 (46 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 2 (49 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Serine/arginine repetitive matrix protein 2 (300 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Snw domain-containing protein 1 (61 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase-like 1 (18 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 40 kda protein (39 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Zinc ion (65 Da, Ligand)
- The human bact-iii complex (Complex from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 3 (58 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3b subunit 2 (100 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-processing-splicing factor 8 (273 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Splicing factor 3a subunit 1 (88 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Ring finger protein 113a (38 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase-like 4 (57 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein f (9 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 200 kda helicase (244 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Spliceosome-associated protein cwc15 homolog (26 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Inositol hexakisphosphate (660 Da, Ligand)
- Phd finger-like domain-containing protein 5a (12 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor spf27 (26 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- U2 snrna (60 kDa, RNA from Homo sapiens)
- U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein a' (28 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)
- Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (523 Da, Ligand)
- Pre-mrna-splicing factor cwc22 homolog (105 kDa, Protein from Homo sapiens)