Staphylococcus aureus is known to cause several severe food infections. In recent years, there has been growing interest in using biocontrol bacteria to counteract pathogens, and it has shown significant potential. This study focused on isolating a strain called Streptomyces pratensis TRM74023 from the rhizosphere soil of Tamarix chinensis, which demonstrated remarkable antagonistic activity against Staphylococcus aureus. AntiSMASH analysis revealed that TRM 74023 possesses 29 gene clusters. The predictive analysis of the biosynthetic gene cluster function of strain TRM74023 offers valuable insights for future exploration of secondary metabolites. Pan-genomic analysis and resistance gene analysis were performed on TRM 74023 and related strains, revealing a certain level of homology and specificity among the strains. The presence of unique resistance genes was also highlighted, indicating the potential of these strains to produce specific antibiotics. To further investigate the metabolic capacity of TRM 74023, it was isolated and purified, with Staphylococcus aureus serving as the target organism. This led to the identification of two monomeric compounds: actinomycin and 6-methylsalicylic acid. Notably, actinomycin exhibited significant activity against S. aureus. This suggests that strain TRM74023 has the potential to be a valuable candidate for biological control purposes.