Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive primary brain cancer with significant transcriptomic heterogeneity among patients. Our study aims to contribute to the field of personalized medicine for GBM patients by providing comprehensive transcriptomic profiles of GBM patients (N = 45) who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide at Seoul National University Hospital. Additionally, we include transcriptomic profiles of normal brain tissue obtained from GBM patients. This dataset may add depth to existing knowledge by uncovering distinct transcriptomic signatures related to aggressiveness in GBM, and may inform future research on the molecular mechanisms underlying transcriptomic features of GBM and personalized treatment strategies. Overall design: We performed gene expression profiling analysis of RNA-seq data obtained from patient-derived GBM cells at the time of diagnosis and recurrence. Total RNA was isolated from these cells using the RNeasy Mini Kit (74106, QIAGEN) following the manufacturer's protocol. Libraries for bulk RNA-seq were prepared using the TruSeq Stranded Total RNA Library Prep Plant Kit. Primary GBM cell lines were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s high glucose medium (SH30243.01, Hyclone) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (2357664RP, Gibco) and 1% antibiotic-antimycotic (15240062, Gibco). Cells were maintained at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2 and tested regularly for mycoplasma contamination by mycoplasma detection kit (rep-mys-20, InvivoGen).