We investigated the influence of SCFAs on human, monocyte derived DCs that represent a reliable in vitro model to study circulating DCs, one of the key regulators of our immune system. We studied the individual effect exerted by SCFA, the main metabolic end-products of fermentation by anaerobic bacteria in the gut, on the gene expression of immature and mature DC, exploring the potential of circulating bacterial metabolites to directly influence immune system cells. We found that SCFAs have little effect on the transcriptome of immature DC, whereas the transcriptome of mature DC was highly perturbed especially by butyrate and propionate. Our findings show an overall down-regulation of LPS-induced inflammatory responses and provide new insights into host-microbiome interactions. In this dataset, we include the expression data obtained from immature and matured (via lipopolysaccharide, LPS) human monocyte-derived dendritic cells untreated and treated with 1mM of acetate, butyrate, or propionate. Overall design: Monocyte-derived dendritic cells were obtained from three different donors. We treated 1*10^6 cells with 1mM of acetate, or 1mM of butyrate, or 1mM of propionate. We purified total RNA from each treatment and pooled equal amounts of RNA from each donor for each treatment. We obtained 8 samples, including two controls: the immature dendritic cells and the matured (via lipopolysaccharide, LPS) dendritic cells.