The fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels were 95.4 ± 1.5% and 4.4 ± 0.2% in fetal liver-derived and adult blood derived-cultured erythrocytes (n=5), respectively. Following RNA isolation from the CD71 high/GPA positive erythroblasts, gene expression analyses were performed using Affymetrix Human Gene 2.0 ST Array. The Affymetrix raw data files of microarray were preprocessed using robust multi-array average method for background correction, log-transformation, and quantile normalization. Differential gene expression between fetal liver derived- and adult peripheral blood derived-erythroblasts was determined using moderated t-statistics implemented in the Limma package. We found the 1366 genes were upregulated by more than 1.5-fold change with adjusted p-value less than 0.05 in fetal liver derived-erythroblasts. Overall design: The fetal liver-derived and adult blood derived-cultured erythrocytes (n=5), respectively. Gene expression analyses were performed using Affymetrix Human Gene 2.0 ST Array. The Affymetrix raw data files of microarray were preprocessed using robust multi-array average method for background correction, log-transformation, and quantile normalization. Differential gene expression between fetal liver derived- and adult peripheral blood derived-erythroblasts was determined using moderated t-statistics implemented in the Limma package.