In this study, we collected soil samples from the hinterland of the Songnen Plain in the black soil region of Northeast China that have all been subjected to 1year of fertilization, which was ideal for investigating the effects of different fertilization strategies on soil bacteria (no fertilizer, organic fertilizer, bio-organic fertilizer combined with chemical, fertilizer and chemical fertilizer). we used Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology targeting the bacterial 16S RNA genes to show soil bacteria community composition under different fertilization treatments. Here, the objectives of this study are: (i) to assess changes in soil properties under different fertilization strategies;(ii) bacterial community composition and abundance differ among different fertilization treatments due to shift soil properties. We hypothesized that the soil bacterial community structure would change with different fertilization treatments after the soil physicochemical properties were influence. The result highlights the potential use of a suitable fertilization method for local black soil to provide an effective scientific basis for local black soil protection.