TruCulture human whole blood ex vivo stimulation was performed on 17 healthy individuals and 17 post-onset type 1 diabetics, then gene expression was analyzed using Nanostring to characterize stimulated innate immune responses. Ex vivo whole blood stimulation revealed higher induced IFN-1 responses in type 1 diabetes as compared to healthy controls. Overall design: Samples from 17 type 1 diabetes subjects and 17 age-matched healthy controls were collected concurrently over six months, usually as age-matched pairs collected within one week of each other. type 1 diabetes subjects had history of clinical type 1 diabetes diagnosis and presence of type 1 diabetes-associated autoantibodies, were diagnosed between 3 months and 8 years prior to draw, and had history of good glucose control as represented by typical Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) < 8%, though HbA1c at draw was not an exclusion criterion. Healthy controls had no first-degree relatives with type 1 diabetes. While the groups were not sex-matched, gene expression changes were not associated with patient sex either within disease groups or across all subjects. All subjects were enrolled in the Benaroya Research Institute Immune Mediated Disease Registry. All subjects fasted overnight prior to the blood draw. HbA1c was measured under CLIA-approved protocols at the University of Washington’s Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories (Seattle, WA, USA). Data paired with luminex protein measurements from the Truculture tube supernatant.