In order to study the differential expression of cold-tolerant variety SCZ and cold-sensitive variety YH9 during cold acclimation, we analyzed transcriptome and metabolome and found that the biosynthesis of amino acids may determine the difference of cold resistance of tea plant. Overall design: Comparative gene expression profiling analysis of RNA-seq data for SCZ (NA, CA, and DA) and YH9 (NA, CA, and DA). Normal temperature controls (NA). tea plants were exposed to low temperature (10°C daytime, 4°C night) for 7 days during chilling acclimation. Subsequently, freezing acclimation was conducted by exposing tea plants to lower temperatures (4°C daytime, 0°C night) for another 7 days (CA). Lastly, the plants were exposed to normal temperature (25°C daytime, 20°C night) for 7 days for de-acclimation (DA).