Successful regeneration of injured neurons requires a complex molecular response that involves the expression, modification and transport of large numbers of proteins. The neuronal proteins responsible for the initiation of regenerative neurite outgrowth are largely unknown. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons display robust and successful regeneration following lesion of their peripheral neurite, whereas outgrowth of central neurites is weak and does not lead to functional recovery. We have utilized this differential response to gain insight in the early transcriptional events associated with successful regeneration. Surprisingly, our study shows that peripheral and central nerve crushes elicit very distinct transcriptional activation, revealing a large set of novel genes that are differentially regulated within the first 24 hours after the lesion. A large number of known regeneration associated genes were retrieved in our study, and, in addition, hundreds of novel genes possibly involved in the transcriptional regulatory network underlying successful regeneration. Please refer to Stam et al., Eur. J. Neurosci 25:3629 (2007). Keywords: time course Overall design: For this study, we used an interwoven loop design. Each RNA sample consists of a pool of 3 animals. Each sample was hybridized at least three times. Each dye was used at least once for each sample. See below supplementary file (coefs&se.xls) for the top-level processed data. The excel file has two worksheets, one with the coefficients (gene regulation relative to t0) and the other with the standard errors (se). The first column is the gene ID as defined in the platform file and the sample files.