We conducted Single-cell 5' RNA sequencing on PBMCs from four adult healthy camels (C1-C4) from Inner Mongolia. Additionally, two camels (C3, C4) were immunized with BSA as an antigen, and PBMCs were collected at two time points after four immunizations (42 days and 56 days) for single-cell 5' RNA sequencing. We identified cell types in camel PBMCs, focusing on B cell subtypes and differentiation trajectories. Furthermore, we reconstructed single-cell BCR sequences and investigated the associations between B cell phenotypes and BCR types.