This research analyzes the potential of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as markers in determining the necessity of antiviral treatment in pregnant women by examining alterations in the expression profile of serum lncRNAs in pregnant women with elevated hepatitis B viral load (HBVL) under antiviral and non-antiviral treatment regimens between the second trimester and delivery. Overall design: Serum was obtained from six second-trimester pregnant women with high high hepatitis B viral load (HBVL) and no intrauterine infection. Then, three of these women were randomly selected for antiviral treatment, while the remaining three women were not subjected to antiviral treatment. Serum samples were again collected from these six women prior to delivery