F
IPR001421

ATP synthase protein 8, metazoa

InterPro entry
Short nameATP8_metazoa
family relationships

Description

Transmembrane ATPases are membrane-bound enzyme complexes/ion transporters that use ATP hydrolysis to drive the transport of protons across a membrane. Some transmembrane ATPases also work in reverse, harnessing the energy from a proton gradient, using the flux of ions across the membrane via the ATPase proton channel to drive the synthesis of ATP.

F-ATPases (also known as ATP synthases, F1F0-ATPase, or H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) (
7.1.2.2
) are composed of two linked complexes: the F1 ATPase complex is the catalytic core and is composed of 5 subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon), while the F0 ATPase complex is the membrane-embedded proton channel that is composed of at least 3 subunits (A-C), with additional subunits in mitochondria. Both the F1 and F0 complexes are rotary motors that are coupled back-to-back. In the F1 complex, the central gamma subunit forms the rotor inside the cylinder made of the α(3)β(3) subunits, while in the F0 complex, the ring-shaped C subunits forms the rotor. The two rotors rotate in opposite directions, but the F0 rotor is usually stronger, using the force from the proton gradient to push the F1 rotor in reverse in order to drive ATP synthesis
[1]
. These ATPases can also work in reverse in bacteria, hydrolysing ATP to create a proton gradient.

This entry represents subunit 8 found in the F0 complex of mitochondrial F-ATPases from Metazoa. This subunit appears to be an integral component of the stator stalk in yeast mitochondrial F-ATPases
[2]
. The stator stalk is anchored in the membrane, and acts to prevent futile rotation of the ATPase subunits relative to the rotor during coupled ATP synthesis/hydrolysis. This subunit may have an analogous function in Metazoa. Subunit 8 differs in sequence between Metazoa, plants (
IPR003319
) and fungi (
IPR009230
).

References

1.Resolution of distinct rotational substeps by submillisecond kinetic analysis of F1-ATPase. Yasuda R, Noji H, Yoshida M, Kinosita K Jr, Itoh H. Nature 410, 898-904, (2001). View articlePMID: 11309608

2.The molecular neighborhood of subunit 8 of yeast mitochondrial F1F0-ATP synthase probed by cysteine scanning mutagenesis and chemical modification. Stephens AN, Khan MA, Roucou X, Nagley P, Devenish RJ. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 17867-75, (2003). View articlePMID: 12626501

Further reading

3. F-and V-ATPases in the genus Thermus and related species. Radax C, Sigurdsson O, Hreggvidsson GO, Aichinger N, Gruber C, Kristjansson JK, Stan-Lotter H. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 21, 12-22, (1998). PMID: 9741106

4. F-type or V-type? The chimeric nature of the archaebacterial ATP synthase. Schafer G, Meyering-Vos M. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1101, 232-5, (1992). PMID: 1385979

5. New insights into structure-function relationships between archeal ATP synthase (A1A0) and vacuolar type ATPase (V1V0). Gruber G, Marshansky V. Bioessays 30, 1096-109, (2008). View articlePMID: 18937357

6. Regulation and isoform function of the V-ATPases. Toei M, Saum R, Forgac M. Biochemistry 49, 4715-23, (2010). View articlePMID: 20450191

7. Mechanisms of ATPases--a multi-disciplinary approach. Rappas M, Niwa H, Zhang X. Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. 5, 89-105, (2004). View articlePMID: 15078220

8. The evolution of A-, F-, and V-type ATP synthases and ATPases: reversals in function and changes in the H+/ATP coupling ratio. Cross RL, Muller V. FEBS Lett. 576, 1-4, (2004). View articlePMID: 15473999

GO terms

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