D
IPR003614

Knottin, scorpion toxin-like

InterPro entry
Short nameScorpion_toxin-like
Overlapping
homologous
superfamilies
 

Description

Knottins are small proteins characterised by a cystine-knot
[1]
. They constitute a large family of structurally related peptides with diverse biological functions, including inhibitors, anti-microbial peptides and toxins
[2]
.

The scorpion toxin-like domain is found in a subgroup of metazoan knottins mainly from the arthropoda, which include the antibacterial defensins
[4]
and the scorpion alpha and beta-neurotoxins
[3, 5]
. The plant sequences include members of the gamma-thionin family, which are plant defensins that have no antifungal activity. Other members are insect alpha-amylase inhibitors, cysteine-rich antifungal proteins and proteins annotated as proteinase inhibitors; those that are characterised belong to MEROPS inhibitor family I18, clan I.

References

1.KNOTTIN: the knottin or inhibitor cystine knot scaffold in 2007. Gracy J, Le-Nguyen D, Gelly JC, Kaas Q, Heitz A, Chiche L. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D314-9, (2008). View articlePMID: 18025039

2.Squash inhibitors: from structural motifs to macrocyclic knottins. Chiche L, Heitz A, Gelly JC, Gracy J, Chau PT, Ha PT, Hernandez JF, Le-Nguyen D. Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. 5, 341-349, (2004). View articlePMID: 15551519

3.Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of rBmKalphaIT1, a recombinant alpha-insect toxin from the scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch. Huang Y, Huang Q, Chen H, Tang Y, Miyake H, Kusunoki M. Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. 59, 1635-6, (2003). View articlePMID: 12925796

4.Solution structure of gamma 1-H and gamma 1-P thionins from barley and wheat endosperm determined by 1H-NMR: a structural motif common to toxic arthropod proteins. Bruix M, Jimenez MA, Santoro J, Gonzalez C, Colilla FJ, Mendez E, Rico M. Biochemistry 32, 715-24, (1993). View articlePMID: 8380707

5.Biochemical, electrophysiological and immunological characterization of the venom from Centruroides baergi, a new scorpion species of medical importance in Mexico. Gomez-Ramirez IV, Riano-Umbarila L, Olamendi-Portugal T, Restano-Cassulini R, Possani LD, Becerril B. Toxicon 184, 10-18, (2020). PMID: 32479835

GO terms

molecular function

  • None

cellular component

  • None
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