F
IPR004808

AP endonuclease 1

InterPro entry
Short nameAP_endonuc_1
Overlapping
homologous
superfamilies
 
family relationships

Description

AP endonucleases can be classified into two families based on sequence similarity. This family contains members of AP endonuclease family 1. They are endonucleases that remove the damaged DNA at cytosines and guanines by cleaving on the 3'-side of the AP site by a beta-elimination reaction
[1, 2]
. The proteins contain glutamate which has been shown
[1]
in the Escherichia coli enzyme to bind a divalent metal ion such as magnesium or manganese.

DNA damaging agents such as the anti-tumour drugs bleomycin and neocarzinostatin or those that generate oxygen radicals produce a variety of lesions in DNA. Amongst these is base-loss which forms apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites or strand breaks with atypical 3' termini. DNA repair at the AP sites is initiated by specific endonuclease cleavage of the phosphodiester backbone. Such endonucleases are also generally capable of removing blocking groups from the 3' terminus of DNA strand breaks.

References

1.Structure and function of the multifunctional DNA-repair enzyme exonuclease III. Mol CD, Kuo CF, Thayer MM, Cunningham RP, Tainer JA. Nature 374, 381-6, (1995). View articlePMID: 7885481

2.An AP endonuclease functions in active DNA demethylation and gene imprinting in Arabidopsis [corrected]. Li Y, Cordoba-Canero D, Qian W, Zhu X, Tang K, Zhang H, Ariza RR, Roldan-Arjona T, Zhu JK. PLoS Genet. 11, e1004905, (2015). PMID: 25569774

GO terms

biological process

cellular component

  • None

Cross References

Contributing Member Database Entries
This website requires cookies, and the limited processing of your personal data in order to function. By using the site you are agreeing to this as outlined in our Privacy Notice and Terms of Use.