D
IPR022775

AP complex, mu/sigma subunit

InterPro entry
Short nameAP_mu_sigma_su
Overlapping
homologous
superfamilies
 

Description

Proteins synthesized on the ribosome and processed in the endoplasmic reticulum are transported from the Golgi apparatus to the trans-Golgi network (TGN), and from there via small carrier vesicles to their final destination compartment. This traffic is bidirectional, to ensure that proteins required to form vesicles are recycled. Vesicles have specific coat proteins (such as clathrin or coatomer) that are important for cargo selection and direction of transfer
[4]
.

This entry represents the small sigma and mu subunits of various adaptins from different AP clathrin adaptor complexes (including AP1, AP2, AP3 and AP4), and the zeta and delta subunits of various coatomer (COP) adaptors. The small sigma subunit of AP proteins have been characterised in several species
[6, 1, 6, 3]
. The sigma subunit plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The zeta subunit of coatomers (zeta-COP) is required for coatomer binding to Golgi membranes and for coat-vesicle assembly
[5, 2]
.

References

1.Cloning of the YAP19 gene encoding a putative yeast homolog of AP19, the mammalian small chain of the clathrin-assembly proteins. Nakai M, Takada T, Endo T. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1174, 282-4, (1993). View articlePMID: 8373805

2.Novel isotypic gamma/zeta subunits reveal three coatomer complexes in mammals. Wegmann D, Hess P, Baier C, Wieland FT, Reinhard C. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 1070-80, (2004). View articlePMID: 14729954

3.Cloning and expression of a plant homologue of the small subunit of the Golgi-associated clathrin assembly protein AP19 from Camptotheca acuminata. Maldonado-Mendoza IE, Nessler CL. Plant Mol. Biol. 32, 1149-53, (1996). View articlePMID: 9002613

4.COP and clathrin-coated vesicle budding: different pathways, common approaches. McMahon HT, Mills IG. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 16, 379-91, (2004). View articlePMID: 15261670

5.zeta-COP, a subunit of coatomer, is required for COP-coated vesicle assembly. Kuge O, Hara-Kuge S, Orci L, Ravazzola M, Amherdt M, Tanigawa G, Wieland FT, Rothman JE. J. Cell Biol. 123, 1727-34, (1993). View articlePMID: 8276893

6.The Saccharomyces cerevisiae APS1 gene encodes a homolog of the small subunit of the mammalian clathrin AP-1 complex: evidence for functional interaction with clathrin at the Golgi complex. Phan HL, Finlay JA, Chu DS, Tan PK, Kirchhausen T, Payne GS. EMBO J. 13, 1706-17, (1994). View articlePMID: 8157009

Further reading

7. Recognition of accessory protein motifs by the gamma-adaptin ear domain of GGA3. Miller GJ, Mattera R, Bonifacino JS, Hurley JH. Nat. Struct. Biol. 10, 599-606, (2003). View articlePMID: 12858162

8. COPI-mediated transport. Bethune J, Wieland F, Moelleken J. J. Membr. Biol. 211, 65-79, (2006). View articlePMID: 17041781

9. Gamma-COP appendage domain - structure and function. Watson PJ, Frigerio G, Collins BM, Duden R, Owen DJ. Traffic 5, 79-88, (2004). View articlePMID: 14690497

10. Do different endocytic pathways make different synaptic vesicles? Voglmaier SM, Edwards RH. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 17, 374-80, (2007). View articlePMID: 17449236

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