D
IPR001711

Phospholipase C, phosphatidylinositol-specific, Y domain

InterPro entry
Short namePLipase_C_Pinositol-sp_Y
Overlapping
homologous
superfamilies
 

Description

Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (
3.1.4.11
), an eukaryotic intracellular enzyme, plays an important role in signal transduction processes
[1]
(see
IPR001192
). It catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1-phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate into the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol and inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate. This catalytic process is tightly regulated by reversible phosphorylation and binding of regulatory proteins
[2, 3, 4]
.

In mammals, there are at least 6 different isoforms of PI-PLC, they differ in their domain structure, their regulation, and their tissue distribution. Lower eukaryotes also possess multiple isoforms of PI-PLC.

All eukaryotic PI-PLCs contain two regions of homology, sometimes referred to as 'X-box' (see
IPR000909
) and 'Y-box'. The order of these two regions is always the same (NH2-X-Y-COOH), but the spacing is variable. In most isoforms, the distance between these two regions is only 50-100 residues but in the gamma isoforms one PH domain, two SH2 domains, and one SH3 domain are inserted between the two PLC-specific domains. The two conserved regions have been shown to be important for the catalytic activity. At the C-terminal of the Y-box, there is a C2 domain (see
IPR000008
) possibly involved in Ca-dependent membrane attachment.

References

1.The PtdIns-PLC superfamily and signal transduction. Meldrum E, Parker PJ, Carozzi A. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1092, 49-71, (1991). View articlePMID: 1849017

2.Multiple forms of phospholipase C isozymes and their activation mechanisms. Rhee SG, Choi KD. Adv. Second Messenger Phosphoprotein Res. 26, 35-61, (1992). PMID: 1419362

3.Regulation of inositol phospholipid-specific phospholipase C isozymes. Rhee SG, Choi KD. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 12393-6, (1992). View articlePMID: 1319994

4.Regulation of phospholipase C by G proteins. Sternweis PC, Smrcka AV. Trends Biochem. Sci. 17, 502-6, (1992). View articlePMID: 1335185

GO terms

Cross References

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