F
IPR045872

ADP-ribosylation factor 1-5

InterPro entry
Short nameArf1-5-like
Overlapping
homologous
superfamilies
 
family relationships

Description

Arf GTPases are involved in the formation of coated carrier vesicles by recruiting coat proteins. This entry includes Arf1, Arf2, Arf3, Arf4, Arf5, and related proteins. Each contains an N-terminal myristoylated amphipathic helix that is folded into the protein in the GDP-bound state. GDP/GTP exchange exposes the helix, which anchors to the membrane. Following GTP hydrolysis, the helix dissociates from the membrane and folds back into the protein. A general feature of Arf1-5 signaling may be the cooperation of two Arfs at the same site. Arfs1-5 are generally considered to be interchangeable in function and location, but some specific functions have been assigned
[3]
.

Arf1 localizes to the early/cis-Golgi, where it is activated by GBF1 and recruits the coat protein COPI. It also localizes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN), where it is activated by BIG1/BIG2 and recruits the AP1, AP3, AP4, and GGA proteins
[1]
. Humans, but not rodents and other lower eukaryotes, lack Arf2. Human Arf3 shares 96% sequence identity with Arf1 and is believed to generally function interchangeably with Arf1. Human Arf4 in the activated (GTP-bound) state has been shown to interact with the cytoplasmic domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mediate the EGF-dependent activation of phospholipase D2 (PLD2), leading to activation of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor
[5]
. Arf4 has also been shown to recognise the C-terminal sorting signal of rhodopsin and regulate its incorporation into specialised post-Golgi rhodopsin transport carriers (RTCs)
[2]
. There is some evidence that Arf5 functions at the early-Golgi and the trans-Golgi to affect Golgi-associated alpha-adaptin homology Arf-binding proteins (GGAs)
[4]
.

References

1.Multiple activities for Arf1 at the Golgi complex. Donaldson JG, Honda A, Weigert R. Biochim Biophys Acta 1744, 364-73, (2005). PMID: 15979507

2.Rhodopsin C terminus, the site of mutations causing retinal disease, regulates trafficking by binding to ADP-ribosylation factor 4 (ARF4). Deretic D, Williams AH, Ransom N, Morel V, Hargrave PA, Arendt A. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102, 3301-6, (2005). PMID: 15728366

3.Isoform-selective effects of the depletion of ADP-ribosylation factors 1-5 on membrane traffic. Volpicelli-Daley LA, Li Y, Zhang CJ, Kahn RA. Mol Biol Cell 16, 4495-508, (2005). PMID: 16030262

4.GGA proteins associate with Golgi membranes through interaction between their GGAH domains and ADP-ribosylation factors. Takatsu H, Yoshino K, Toda K, Nakayama K. Biochem J 365, 369-78, (2002). PMID: 11950392

5.ADP-ribosylation factor 4 small GTPase mediates epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent phospholipase D2 activation. Kim SW, Hayashi M, Lo JF, Yang Y, Yoo JS, Lee JD. J Biol Chem 278, 2661-8, (2003). PMID: 12446727

GO terms

biological process

  • None

cellular component

  • None

Cross References

This website requires cookies, and the limited processing of your personal data in order to function. By using the site you are agreeing to this as outlined in our Privacy Notice and Terms of Use.