cd00326

alpha_CA

CDD entry
Member databaseCDD
CDD typedomain
Short namealpha_CA
Setalpha_CA

Description

Carbonic anhydrase alpha (vertebrate-like) group. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. There are three evolutionary distinct groups - alpha, beta and gamma carbonic anhydrases - which show no significant sequence identity or structural similarity. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidine residues and a fourth conserved histidine plays a potential role in proton transfer.
[2, 8, 5, 6, 4, 7, 3, 1]

References

1.Carbonic anhydrase IV: purification of a secretory form of the recombinant human enzyme and identification of the positions and importance of its disulfide bonds. Waheed A, Okuyama T, Heyduk T, Sly WS. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 333, 432-8, (1996). View articlePMID: 8809084

2.Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Supuran CT, Scozzafava A, Casini A. Med Res Rev 23, 146-89, (2003). View articlePMID: 12500287

3.Identification and characterization of a gene encoding a vertebrate-type carbonic anhydrase in cyanobacteria. Soltes-Rak E, Mulligan ME, Coleman JR. J. Bacteriol. 179, 769-74, (1997). View articlePMID: 9006032

4.Structure and mechanism of carbonic anhydrase. Lindskog S. Pharmacol. Ther. 74, 1-20, (1997). View articlePMID: 9336012

5.Crystal structure of S-glutathiolated carbonic anhydrase III. Mallis RJ, Poland BW, Chatterjee TK, Fisher RA, Darmawan S, Honzatko RB, Thomas JA. FEBS Lett. 482, 237-41, (2000). View articlePMID: 11024467

6.Prokaryotic carbonic anhydrases. Smith KS, Ferry JG. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 24, 335-66, (2000). View articlePMID: 10978542

7.Crystal structure of carbonic anhydrase from Neisseria gonorrhoeae and its complex with the inhibitor acetazolamide. Huang S, Xue Y, Sauer-Eriksson E, Chirica L, Lindskog S, Jonsson BH. J. Mol. Biol. 283, 301-10, (1998). View articlePMID: 9761692

8.Carbonic anhydrase: new insights for an ancient enzyme. Tripp BC, Smith K, Ferry JG. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 48615-8, (2001). View articlePMID: 11696553

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