cd03676

Nudix_hydrolase_3

CDD entry
Member databaseCDD
CDD typedomain
Short nameNudix_hydrolase_3
SetNudix_Hydrolase

Description

Members of the Nudix hydrolase superfamily catalyze the hydrolysis of NUcleoside DIphosphates linked to other moieties, X. Enzymes belong to this superfamily requires a divalent cation, such as Mg2+ or Mn2+, for their activity and contain a highly conserved 23-residue nudix motif (GX5EX7REUXEEXGU, where U = I, L or V), which functions as a metal binding and catalytic site. Substrates of nudix hydrolases include intact and oxidatively damaged nucleoside triphosphates, dinucleoside polyphosphates, nucleotide-sugars and dinucleotide enzymes. These substrates are metabolites or cell signaling molecules that require regulation during different stages of the cell cycle or during periods of stress. In general, the role of the nudix hydrolase is to sanitize the nucleotide pools and to maintain cell viability, thereby serving as surveillance & "house-cleaning" enzymes. Substrate specificity is used to define families within the superfamily. Differences in substrate specificity are determined by the N-terminal extension or by residues in variable loop regions. Mechanistically, substrate hydrolysis occurs by a nucleophilic substitution reaction, with variation in the numbers and roles of divalent cations required.
[2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 5]

References

1.Diversity of the biosynthesis of the isoprene units. Kuzuyama T, Seto H. Nat Prod Rep 20, 171-83, (2003). View articlePMID: 12735695

2.Isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase: a core enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis. A review of its biochemistry and function. Ramos-Valdivia AC, van der Heijden R, Verpoorte R. Nat Prod Rep 14, 591-603, (1997). View articlePMID: 9418296

3.Structures and mechanisms of Nudix hydrolases. Mildvan AS, Xia Z, Azurmendi HF, Saraswat V, Legler PM, Massiah MA, Gabelli SB, Bianchet MA, Kang LW, Amzel LM. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 433, 129-43, (2005). View articlePMID: 15581572

4.The Nudix hydrolase superfamily. McLennan AG. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 63, 123-43, (2006). View articlePMID: 16378245

5.House cleaning, a part of good housekeeping. Galperin MY, Moroz OV, Wilson KS, Murzin AG. Mol. Microbiol. 59, 5-19, (2006). View articlePMID: 16359314

6.The MutT proteins or "Nudix" hydrolases, a family of versatile, widely distributed, "housecleaning" enzymes. Bessman MJ, Frick DN, O'Handley SF. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 25059-62, (1996). View articlePMID: 8810257

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