cd20834

first protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in novel protein kinase C (nPKC) theta, delta, and similar proteins

CDD entry
Member databaseCDD
CDD typedomain
Short nameC1_nPKC_theta-like_rpt1
SetC1

Description

PKCs are classified into three groups (classical, atypical, and novel) depending on their mode of activation and the structural characteristics of their regulatory domains. nPKCs are calcium-independent, but require DAG (1,2-diacylglycerol) and phosphatidylserine (PS) for activity. PKC-theta is selectively expressed in T-cells and plays an important and non-redundant role in several aspects of T-cell biology. PKC-delta plays a role in cell cycle regulation and programmed cell death in many cell types. Members of this family contain two copies of the C1 domain. This model corresponds to the first one. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.
[15, 7, 28, 27, 29, 25, 4, 18, 19, 10, 30, 11, 22, 8, 16, 2, 14, 24, 26, 1, 13, 12, 9, 17, 3, 23, 6, 21, 20, 5]

References

1.Differential roles of PKC-theta in the regulation of intracellular calcium concentration in primary T cells. Manicassamy S, Sadim M, Ye RD, Sun Z. J. Mol. Biol. 355, 347-59, (2006). View articlePMID: 16309697

2.Catalytic domain crystal structure of protein kinase C-theta (PKCtheta). Xu ZB, Chaudhary D, Olland S, Wolfrom S, Czerwinski R, Malakian K, Lin L, Stahl ML, Joseph-McCarthy D, Benander C, Fitz L, Greco R, Somers WS, Mosyak L. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 50401-9, (2004). View articlePMID: 15364937

3.The role of protein kinase C isoforms in modulating injury and repair of the intestinal barrier. Farhadi A, Keshavarzian A, Ranjbaran Z, Fields JZ, Banan A. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 316, 1-7, (2006). View articlePMID: 16002462

4.Protein kinase C family: on the crossroads of cell signaling in skin and tumor epithelium. Breitkreutz D, Braiman-Wiksman L, Daum N, Denning MF, Tennenbaum T. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 133, 793-808, (2007). View articlePMID: 17661083

5.Induction of apoptosis is driven by nuclear retention of protein kinase C delta. DeVries-Seimon TA, Ohm AM, Humphries MJ, Reyland ME. J. Biol. Chem. 282, 22307-14, (2007). View articlePMID: 17562707

6.Novel phosphorylation site markers of protein kinase C delta activation. Durgan J, Michael N, Totty N, Parker PJ. FEBS Lett. 581, 3377-81, (2007). View articlePMID: 17603046

7.Selective function of PKC-theta in T cells. Manicassamy S, Gupta S, Sun Z. Cell. Mol. Immunol. 3, 263-70, (2006). PMID: 16978534

8.Protein kinase Ctheta: a new essential superstar on the T-cell stage. Altman A, Isakov N, Baier G. Immunol. Today 21, 567-73, (2000). View articlePMID: 11094261

9.Protein kinase C delta. Gschwendt M. Eur. J. Biochem. 259, 555-64, (1999). View articlePMID: 10092837

10.Role of protein kinase C in eosinophil function. Yamaguchi T, Suzuki M, Kimura H, Kato M. Allergol Int 55, 245-52, (2006). View articlePMID: 17075264

11.Protein kinase C-theta;: signaling from the center of the T-cell synapse. Arendt CW, Albrecht B, Soos TJ, Littman DR. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 14, 323-30, (2002). View articlePMID: 11973130

12.Protein kinase C delta (PKC delta): activation mechanisms and functions. Kikkawa U, Matsuzaki H, Yamamoto T. J. Biochem. 132, 831-9, (2002). View articlePMID: 12473183

13.Regulation of cell apoptosis by protein kinase c delta. Brodie C, Blumberg PM. Apoptosis 8, 19-27, (2003). View articlePMID: 12510148

14.The critical role of protein kinase C-theta in Fas/Fas ligand-mediated apoptosis. Manicassamy S, Sun Z. J. Immunol. 178, 312-9, (2007). View articlePMID: 17182568

15.Protein kinase C theta (PKCtheta): a key player in T cell life and death. Hayashi K, Altman A. Pharmacol. Res. 55, 537-44, (2007). View articlePMID: 17544292

16.The PKC gene module: molecular biosystematics to resolve its T cell functions. Baier G. Immunol. Rev. 192, 64-79, (2003). View articlePMID: 12670396

17.Resveratrol regulates cellular PKC alpha and delta to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Atten MJ, Godoy-Romero E, Attar BM, Milson T, Zopel M, Holian O. Invest New Drugs 23, 111-9, (2005). View articlePMID: 15744586

18.Cardioprotective mechanisms of PKC isozyme-selective activators and inhibitors in the treatment of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Budas GR, Churchill EN, Mochly-Rosen D. Pharmacol. Res. 55, 523-36, (2007). View articlePMID: 17576073

19.The role of protein kinase C activation and the vascular complications of diabetes. Das Evcimen N, King GL. Pharmacol. Res. 55, 498-510, (2007). View articlePMID: 17574431

20.Neuroprotective effect of protein kinase C delta inhibitor rottlerin in cell culture and animal models of Parkinson's disease. Zhang D, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 322, 913-22, (2007). View articlePMID: 17565007

21.Conformationally constrained analogues of diacylglycerol (DAG). 28. DAG-dioxolanones reveal a new additional interaction site in the C1b domain of PKC delta. Choi Y, Pu Y, Peach ML, Kang JH, Lewin NE, Sigano DM, Garfield SH, Blumberg PM, Marquez VE. J. Med. Chem. 50, 3465-81, (2007). View articlePMID: 17591763

22.Protein kinase C(theta) in T cell activation. Isakov N, Altman A. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 20, 761-94, (2002). View articlePMID: 11861617

23.Protein kinase C isozymes in stroke. Chou WH, Messing RO. Trends Cardiovasc. Med. 15, 47-51, (2005). View articlePMID: 15885569

24.PKC-theta-deficient mice are protected from Th1-dependent antigen-induced arthritis. Healy AM, Izmailova E, Fitzgerald M, Walker R, Hattersley M, Silva M, Siebert E, Terkelsen J, Picarella D, Pickard MD, LeClair B, Chandra S, Jaffee B. J. Immunol. 177, 1886-93, (2006). View articlePMID: 16849501

25.Role of proteolytic activation of protein kinase Cdelta in oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Kanthasamy AG, Kitazawa M, Kanthasamy A, Anantharam V. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 5, 609-20, (2003). View articlePMID: 14580317

26.Protein kinase C-theta-mediated signals enhance CD4+ T cell survival by up-regulating Bcl-xL. Manicassamy S, Gupta S, Huang Z, Sun Z. J. Immunol. 176, 6709-16, (2006). View articlePMID: 16709830

27.Distinctive activation mechanisms and functions for protein kinase Cdelta. Steinberg SF. Biochem. J. 384, 449-59, (2004). PMID: 15491280

28.Protein kinase C-theta (PKCtheta): it's all about location, location, location. Altman A, Villalba M. Immunol. Rev. 192, 53-63, (2003). View articlePMID: 12670395

29.Involvement of protein kinase C-delta in DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Basu A. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 7, 341-50, (2003). View articlePMID: 14754503

30.Protein kinase C-theta (PKC theta): a key enzyme in T cell life and death. Altman A, Villalba M. J. Biochem. 132, 841-6, (2002). View articlePMID: 12473184

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