D
IPR000519

P-type trefoil domain

InterPro entry
Short nameP_trefoil_dom
Overlapping
homologous
superfamilies
 

Description

A cysteine-rich domain of approximately forty five amino-acid residues has been found in some extracellular eukaryotic proteins
[4, 1, 2, 3]
. It is known as either the 'P', 'trefoil' or 'TFF' domain, and contains six cysteines linked by three disulphide bonds with connectivity 1-5, 2-4, 3-6. This leads to a characteristic three leafed structure ('trefoil'). The P-type domain is clearly composed of three looplike regions. The central core of the domain consists of a short two-stranded antiparallel β-sheet, which is capped by an irregular loop and forms a central hairpin (loop 3). The β-sheet is preceded by a short α-helix, with majority of the remainder of the domain contained in two loops, which lie on either side of the central hairpin.

This domain has been found in a variety of extracellular eukaryotic proteins
[4, 2, 3]
, including:


 * Protein pS2 (TFF1), a protein secreted by the stomach mucosa
 * Spasmolytic polypeptide (SP) (TFF2), a protein of about 115 residues that inhibits gastrointestinal motility and gastric acid secretion
 * Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF) (TFF3)
 * Xenopus laevis stomach proteins xP1 and xP4
 * Xenopus integumentary mucins A.1 (FIM-A.1 or preprospasmolysin) and C.1 (FIM-C.1), proteins which may be involved in defence against microbial infections by protecting the epithelia from the external environment
 * Xenopus skin protein xp2 (or APEG)
 * Zona pellucida sperm-binding protein B (ZP-B)
 * Intestinal sucrase-isomaltase (
3.2.1.48
/
3.2.1.10
), a vertebrate membrane bound, multifunctional enzyme complex which hydrolyses sucrose, maltose and isomaltose
 * Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase (
3.2.1.20
)

References

1.Rolling in the clover: trefoil factor family (TFF)-domain peptides, cell migration and cancer. Wright NA, Hoffmann W, Otto WR, Rio MC, Thim L. FEBS Lett. 408, 121-3, (1997). View articlePMID: 9187350

2.A trefoil domain in the major rabbit zona pellucida protein. Bork P. Protein Sci. 2, 669-70, (1993). View articlePMID: 8518738

3.The P-domain or trefoil motif: a role in renewal and pathology of mucous epithelia? Hoffmann W, Hauser F. Trends Biochem. Sci. 18, 239-43, (1993). View articlePMID: 8267796

4.Trefoil peptides. Coming up clover. Otto B, Wright N. Curr. Biol. 4, 835-8, (1994). View articlePMID: 7820556

Cross References

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