This entry contains information that has been generated using an AI language model. Please exercise discretion when interpreting the information provided.
Member database | PANTHER |
PANTHER type | family |
Short name | Retroviral_env_glycoprotein AI |
Description
AI-generatedUnreviewed
This family of proteins includes envelope glycoproteins from various retroviruses, including endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) and exogenous viruses like mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) and Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV). The primary functions involve receptor recognition and membrane fusion during viral entry into host cells. The surface unit (SU) of these proteins typically mediates binding to specific cell receptors, triggering conformational changes in the transmembrane unit (TM) that lead to membrane fusion and viral entry. Some members have evolved to lose their fusogenic properties, while others may have gained additional functions such as transformation of host cells or superantigenic properties. The proteins are characterized by a transmembrane domain that anchors the envelope heterodimer to the viral membrane and a fusion peptide domain that facilitates the merging of viral and cellular membranes.