PR01145

TSHRECEPTOR

PRINTS entry
Member databasePRINTS
PRINTS typefamily
Short nameTSHRECEPTOR

Description
Imported from IPR002274

Glycoprotein hormone receptors are members the rhodopsin-like G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family. They function as receptors for the pituitary hormones thyrotropin (TSH receptor), follitropin (FSH receptor) and lutropin (LH receptor). In mammals the LH receptor is also the receptor for the placental hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), so is denominated as a lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor (LHCG receptor). The receptors share close sequence similarity, and are characterised by large extracellular domains believed to be involved in hormone binding via leucine-rich repeats (LRR)
[7]
.

This entry represents the thyrotropin receptor, also known as thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) is synthesised in the thyrotroph cells of the anterior pituitary under the influence of TSH and thyroid hormones
[1, 6]
. Upon binding circulating thyrotropin, a G-protein signal cascade activates adenylyl cyclase and intercellular levels of cAMP rise. cAMP activates all functional aspects of the thyroid cell, including iodine pumping; thyroglobulin synthesis, iodination, endocytosis and proteolysis; thyroid peroxidase activity; and hormone release
[5, 4]
. Graves disease is caused by stimulatory anti-TSH receptor antibodies
[3, 2]
.

References
Imported from IPR002274

1.Cloning, sequencing and expression of the human thyrotropin (TSH) receptor: evidence for binding of autoantibodies. Libert F, Lefort A, Gerard C, Parmentier M, Perret J, Ludgate M, Dumont JE, Vassart G. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 165, 1250-5, (1989). View articlePMID: 2610690

2.Thyroid autoantibodies. Saravanan P, Dayan CM. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 30, 315-37, viii, (2001). View articlePMID: 11444165

3.Autoimmune thyroid disorders-An update. Swain M, Swain T, Mohanty BK. Indian J Clin Biochem 20, 9-17, (2005). View articlePMID: 23105486

4.Imaging of persistent cAMP signaling by internalized G protein-coupled receptors. Calebiro D, Nikolaev VO, Lohse MJ. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 45, 1-8, (2010). View articlePMID: 20378719

5.Minireview: structural and functional evolution of the thyrotropin receptor. Farid NR, Szkudlinski MW. Endocrinology 145, 4048-57, (2004). View articlePMID: 15231707

6.Molecular cloning, sequence and functional expression of the cDNA for the human thyrotropin receptor. Nagayama Y, Kaufman KD, Seto P, Rapoport B. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 165, 1184-90, (1989). View articlePMID: 2558651

7.Structural predictions for the ligand-binding region of glycoprotein hormone receptors and the nature of hormone-receptor interactions. Jiang X, Dreano M, Buckler DR, Cheng S, Ythier A, Wu H, Hendrickson WA, el Tayar N. Structure 3, 1341-53, (1995). View articlePMID: 8747461

Supplementary References

1. Fingerprinting G-protein-coupled receptors. Attwood TK, Findlay JB. Protein Eng. 7, 195-203, (1994). View articlePMID: 8170923

2. G proteins in signal transduction. Birnbaumer L. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 30, 675-705, (1990). View articlePMID: 2111655

3. Congenital hyperthyroidism caused by a solitary toxic adenoma harboring a novel somatic mutation (serine281-->isoleucine) in the extracellular domain of the thyrotropin receptor. Kopp P, Muirhead S, Jourdain N, Gu WX, Jameson JL, Rodd C. J. Clin. Invest. 100, 1634-9, (1997). View articlePMID: 9294132

4. G protein involvement in receptor-effector coupling. Casey PJ, Gilman AG. J. Biol. Chem. 263, 2577-80, (1988). View articlePMID: 2830256

5. Design of a discriminating fingerprint for G-protein-coupled receptors. Attwood TK, Findlay JB. Protein Eng. 6, 167-76, (1993). View articlePMID: 8386361

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