Member database | PROSITE patterns |
PROSITE patterns type | conserved site |
Short name | NDP_KINASES |
Description
Nucleoside diphosphate kinases (EC 2.7.4.6) (NDK) [1] are enzymes required for
the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates (NTP) other than ATP. They provide
NTPs for nucleic acid synthesis, CTP for lipid synthesis, UTP for
polysaccharide synthesis and GTP for protein elongation, signal transduction
and microtubule polymerization.
In eukaryotes, there seems to be a small family of NDK isozymes each of which
acts in a different subcellular compartment and/or has a distinct biological
function. Eukaryotic NDK isozymes are hexamers of two highly related chains (A
and B)
[1]. By random association (A6, A5B...AB5, B6), these two kinds of
chain form isoenzymes differing in their isoelectric point.
NDK are proteins of 17 Kd that act via a ping-pong mechanism in which a
histidine residue is phosphorylated, by transfer of the terminal phosphate
group from ATP. In the presence of magnesium, the phosphoenzyme can transfer
its phosphate group to any NDP, to produce an NTP.
NDK isozymes have been sequenced from prokaryotic and eukaryotic sources. It
has also been shown
[2] that the Drosophila awd (abnormal wing discs) protein,
is a microtubule-associated NDK. Mammalian NDK is also known as metastasis
inhibition factor nm23.
The sequence of NDK has been highly conserved through evolution. There is a
single histidine residue conserved in all known NDK isozymes, which is
involved in the catalytic mechanism
[1]. Our signature pattern contains this
residue.
References
1.Nucleoside diphosphate kinase from human erythrocytes. Structural characterization of the two polypeptide chains responsible for heterogeneity of the hexameric enzyme. Gilles AM, Presecan E, Vonica A, Lascu I. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 8784-9, (1991). View articlePMID: 1851158
2.A Drosophila gene that is homologous to a mammalian gene associated with tumor metastasis codes for a nucleoside diphosphate kinase. Biggs J, Hersperger E, Steeg PS, Liotta LA, Shearn A. Cell 63, 933-40, (1990). View articlePMID: 2175255