SM00380

DNA-binding domain in plant proteins such as APETALA2 and EREBPs

SMART entry
Member databaseSMART
SMART typedomain
Short nameAP2

Description
Imported from IPR001471

Ethylene is an endogenous plant hormone that influences many aspects of plant growth and development. Some defense related genes that are induced by ethylene contain a cis-regulatory element known as the Ethylene-Responsive Element (ERE)
[1]
. Sequence analysis on various ERE regions has identified a short motif rich in G/C nucleotides, the GCC-box, essential for the response to ethylene. This short motif is recognised by a family of transcrition factors, the ERE binding factors (ERF)
[3]
.

ERF proteins contain a domain of around 60 amino acids which is also found in the APETALA2 (AP2) protein
[5]
. This AP2/ERF domain has been shown in various proteins to be necessary and sufficient to bind the GCC-box
[4]
.

The structure of the AP2/ERF domain in complex with the target DNA has been solved
[2]
. The structure resembles that of bacteriophage integrases and the methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD): a three-stranded β-sheet and an α helix almost parallel to the β-sheet. It contacts DNA via Arg and Trp residues located in the β-sheet.

References
Imported from IPR001471

1.Functional analysis of DNA sequences responsible for ethylene regulation of a bean chitinase gene in transgenic tobacco. Broglie KE, Biddle P, Cressman R, Broglie R. Plant Cell 1, 599-607, (1989). View articlePMID: 2535512

2.A novel mode of DNA recognition by a beta-sheet revealed by the solution structure of the GCC-box binding domain in complex with DNA. Allen MD, Yamasaki K, Ohme-Takagi M, Tateno M, Suzuki M. EMBO J. 17, 5484-96, (1998). View articlePMID: 9736626

3.Arabidopsis ethylene-responsive element binding factors act as transcriptional activators or repressors of GCC box-mediated gene expression. Fujimoto SY, Ohta M, Usui A, Shinshi H, Ohme-Takagi M. Plant Cell 12, 393-404, (2000). View articlePMID: 10715325

4.Unique mode of GCC box recognition by the DNA-binding domain of ethylene-responsive element-binding factor (ERF domain) in plant. Hao D, Ohme-Takagi M, Sarai A. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 26857-61, (1998). View articlePMID: 9756931

5.The APETALA2 domain is related to a novel type of DNA binding domain. Weigel D. Plant Cell 7, 388-9, (1995). View articlePMID: 7773013

Further reading

6. From endonucleases to transcription factors: evolution of the AP2 DNA binding domain in plants. Magnani E, Sjolander K, Hake S. Plant Cell 16, 2265-77, (2004). View articlePMID: 15319480

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