Activity |
Catalytic type | Aspartic |
Peplist | Included in the Peplist with identifier PL00007 |
NC-IUBMB | Subclass 3.4 (Peptidases) >> Sub-subclass 3.4.22 (Cysteine endopeptidases) >> Peptidase 3.4.22.15
|
Enzymology | BRENDA database |
Activity | Cathepsin D is an endopeptidase most active at acidic pH. |
Proteolytic events | CutDB database (95 cleavages) |
Activity status | human: active (Conner et al., 2004) mouse: active (Partanen et al., 2003)
|
Specificity | Cathepsin D has a preference for hydrophobic residues around the scissile bond (Athauda & Takahashi, 2002). |
Physiology | Cathepsin D contributes to lysosomal proteolysis, and to processing of at least some antigens for the MHC class II system. |
Knockout | In mouse, young with cathepsin D deficiency develop normally during the first 2 weeks, stop thriving in the third week and die in a state of anorexia at about day 26 (Saftig et al., 1995). The mice also show seizures and blindness in the late stages associated with deposits of ceroid lipofuscin in the CNS neurons (Koike et al., 2000). It is reported that a mutation in the ovine cathepsin D gene causes a congenital lysosomal storage disease with profound neurodegeneration (Tyynela et al., 2000). Cathepsin D knockout in Drosophila provides a model for neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (Myllykangas et al., 2005). Human congenital neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis has been attributed to a mutation in the cathepsin D gene (Siintola et al.2006). |
Pharmaceutical relevance | Reported to be useful in diagnosis and prognosis of breast and other cancers (Rochefort & Liaudet-Coopman, 1999). Also reported to enhance anchorage-independent cell proliferation and subsequently to facilitate tumorigenesis and metastasis of breast cancer cells, so may be a target for cancer therapy (Glondu et al., 2002). There is some genetic association between cathepsin D polymorphism and Alzheimer"s disease (Davidson et al., 2006). A potential role for cathepsin D in p53-dependent tumour suppression and chemosensitivity has been proposed (Wu et al., 1998). |
Pathways |
KEGG | Lysosome |
|
KEGG | Tuberculosis |
Other databases
| WIKIPEDIA | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathepsin_D |
Cleavage site specificity |
Explanations of how to interpret the
following cleavage site sequence logo and specificity matrix can be found here. |
Cleavage pattern | -/-/-/Lf-/-/-/- (based on 924 cleavages) |