neural crest
A specialized region of ectoderm found between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm and composed of highly migratory pluripotent cells that delaminate in early embryonic development from the dorsal neural tube and give rise to an astounding variety of differentiated cell types[MP].
Gene notes: Many factors and genes, such as Pax3 (Tremblay et al., 1995), slug (Nieto et al., 1994), AP-2 (Zhang et al., 1996; Schorle et al., 1996), and Wnt-1/3a (Ikeya et al., 1997) are expressed in the dorsal most region of the neural tube, and have been shown to be involved in the generation of neural crest cells.
Exact Synonyms
NC
Related Synonyms
crista neuralis
neural crest material
class Information
curator note
EDITOR_NOTE consider including subclasses for pre- and post- migratory (e.g. sheets/paths/streams).
external_definition
- A cell population arising from the dorsolateral aspect of the central nervous system primordium during the segmentation period, and later migrating along stereotyped pathways to give rise to a diverse and well-defined set of cell types including pigment cells, peripheral neurons and glia, and head cartilage. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
- Migratory cell population which delaminates from neural tube, borders surface ectoderm and neural ectoderm, and gives rise to many different tissue types.[AAO]
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uberon
homology_notes
- A well developed neural crest population is present in lampreys (Horigome et al. 1999 ; Tomsa & Langeland, 1999) and gnathostomes. chordate fossils from the early Cambrian (Yunnanozoan and Haikouella) with apparent neural-crest derived structures (pharyngeal denticles and pharyngeal skeletons resembling the striped mucocartilage of the branchial bars in lamprey ammocoete larvae), suggests that neural crest arose very early in vertebrate evolution (Chen et al. 1999; Holland & Chen, 2001). The invertebrate chordates apparently lack defini- tive neural crest. One marker of migrating neural crest in some vertebrates, the antibody HNK1, does not recognize any cells in amphioxus embryos (Holland, unpublished). Even so, in both amphioxus and tunicates, cells at the edges of the neural plate and adjacent nonneural ectoderm share some properties of neural crest[PMID:11523831]
- We conclude that the neural crest is a vertebrate novelty, but that neural crest cells and their derivatives evolved and diversified in a step-wise fashion - first by elaboration of neural plate border cells, then by the innovation or co-option of new or ancient metazoan cell fates.[well established][VHOG]
class Relations
Subclass of
- ectoderm-derived structure
- structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
- germ layer / neural crest
- part ofrosomeneurectoderm
- in taxonrosomeCraniata <chordates>ncbitaxon
- develops fromrosomeneural plate
- develops fromrosomeneural fold
- composed primarily ofrosomemigratory neural crest cellcl
- existence starts duringrosomeneurula stage
- develops fromrosomeneural fold
- existence starts duringrosomeneurula stage
- develops fromrosomeneural plate
- composed primarily ofrosomemigratory neural crest cellcl
- part ofrosomeneurectoderm
- in taxonrosomeCraniata <chordates>ncbitaxon
Related from
develops from
- chromaffin system
- dental follicle
- skeletal element of eye region
- branchial basket
- corneal endothelium
- 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from neural crest
- Meckel's cartilage pre-cartilage condensation
- 3rd arch mesenchyme from neural crest
- scleral cartilage
- 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from neural crest
- stroma of thyroid gland
- pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest
- paraganglion (generic)
- palatine bone
- 2nd arch mesenchyme from neural crest
- facial skeleton
- pre-dentine
- dermis connective tissue
- neural crest-derived structure
- corneal primordium
- adrenal medulla
- 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest
- mandibular process mesenchyme from neural crest
- sensory root of trigeminal nerve
- suprachoroid lamina
- parasympathetic ganglion
- 4th arch mesenchyme from neural crest
- 6th arch mesenchyme from neural crest
- maxillary process mesenchyme from neural crest
- endocardial cushion
- mesenchyme derived from neural crest
- bone of lower jaw
- periodontal ligament
part of
has developmental contribution from
- ear
- adrenal gland
- thyroid gland
- parasympathetic nervous system
- interrenal gland
- stria vascularis of cochlear duct
- jaw skeleton
- ultimobranchial body
- vagus nerve
- structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
- facial nerve
- camera-type eye
- clavicle bone primordium
- ciliary muscle
- dermis
- pharyngeal arch artery
- heart
- pharyngeal arch
results in formation of anatomical entity