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Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2.

<div class='caption-title'>Overall structure of the ACE2-B0AT1 complex.</div>
<div class='caption-title'>Dimerization interface of ACE2.</div>
<div class='caption-title'>Overall structure of the RBD-ACE2-B0AT1 complex.</div>
Yan R, Zhang Y, Li Y, Xia L, Guo Y, Zhou Q
OpenAccess logo Science 367 1444-1448 (2020)
Related entries: 6m17, 6m1d

Cited: 2807 times
EuropePMC logo PMID: 32132184

Abstract

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the cellular receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that is causing the serious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of full-length human ACE2 in the presence of the neutral amino acid transporter B0AT1 with or without the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the surface spike glycoprotein (S protein) of SARS-CoV-2, both at an overall resolution of 2.9 angstroms, with a local resolution of 3.5 angstroms at the ACE2-RBD interface. The ACE2-B0AT1 complex is assembled as a dimer of heterodimers, with the collectrin-like domain of ACE2 mediating homodimerization. The RBD is recognized by the extracellular peptidase domain of ACE2 mainly through polar residues. These findings provide important insights into the molecular basis for coronavirus recognition and infection.

Reviews - 6m18 mentioned but not cited (6)

  1. The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein as a Drug and Vaccine Target: Structural Insights into Its Complexes with ACE2 and Antibodies. Papageorgiou AC, Mohsin I. Cells 9 E2343 (2020)
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Articles - 6m18 mentioned but not cited (54)

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Reviews citing this publication (914)

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  1061. Targeted escape of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro from monoclonal antibody S309, the precursor of sotrovimab. Magnus CL, Hiergeist A, Schuster P, Rohrhofer A, Medenbach J, Gessner A, Peterhoff D, Schmidt B. Front Immunol 13 966236 (2022)
  1062. Targeted genotyping of COVID-19 patients reveals a signature of complement C3 and factor B coding SNPs associated with severe infection. Tsiftsoglou SA, Gavriilaki E, Touloumenidou T, Koravou EE, Koutra M, Papayanni PG, Karali V, Papalexandri A, Varelas C, Chatzopoulou F, Chatzidimitriou M, Chatzidimitriou D, Veleni A, Rapti E, Kioumis I, Kaimakamis E, Bitzani M, Boumpas DT, Tsantes A, Sotiropoulos D, Papadopoulou A, Sakellari I, Kokoris S, Anagnostopoulos A. Immunobiology 228 152351 (2023)
  1063. Targeted protein S-nitrosylation of ACE2 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection. Oh CK, Nakamura T, Beutler N, Zhang X, Piña-Crespo J, Talantova M, Ghatak S, Trudler D, Carnevale LN, McKercher SR, Bakowski MA, Diedrich JK, Roberts AJ, Woods AK, Chi V, Gupta AK, Rosenfeld MA, Kearns FL, Casalino L, Shaabani N, Liu H, Wilson IA, Amaro RE, Burton DR, Yates JR, Becker C, Rogers TF, Chatterjee AK, Lipton SA. Nat Chem Biol (2022)
  1064. Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain with Stapled Peptides: An In Silico Study. de Campos LJ, Palermo NY, Conda-Sheridan M. J Phys Chem B 125 6572-6586 (2021)
  1065. Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein/ACE2 Protein-Protein Interactions: a Computational Study. Pirolli D, Righino B, De Rosa MC. Mol Inform 40 e2060080 (2021)
  1066. Targeting novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with phytoconstituents of Momordica charantia. Singh SK, Singh S, Singh R. J Ovarian Res 14 126 (2021)
  1067. Teaching an old dog new tricks: A lipid membrane-based electric immunosensor for real-time probing of the spike S1 protein subunit from SARS-CoV-2. Asandei A, Mereuta L, Schiopu I, Park Y, Luchian T. Proteomics 22 e2100047 (2022)
  1068. The ACE-2 in COVID-19: Foe or Friend? Dalan R, Bornstein SR, El-Armouche A, Rodionov RN, Markov A, Wielockx B, Beuschlein F, Boehm BO. Horm. Metab. Res. 52 257-263 (2020)
  1069. The Biological Causes and Consequences of COVID-19: ACE I/D Polymorphism and In-Silico Screening of Potential Bioactive Phytochemicals Against COVID-19. Hussain N, Adil M, Mumtaz M, Waseem M. Bioinform Biol Insights 16 11779322221139061 (2022)
  1070. The Increased Amyloidogenicity of Spike RBD and pH-Dependent Binding to ACE2 May Contribute to the Transmissibility and Pathogenic Properties of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron as Suggested by In Silico Study. Aksenova AY, Likhachev IV, Grishin SY, Galzitskaya OV. Int J Mol Sci 23 13502 (2022)
  1071. The Lung Macrophage in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Friend or a Foe? Abassi Z, Knaney Y, Karram T, Heyman SN. Front Immunol 11 1312 (2020)
  1072. The SARS-CoV-2 spike reversibly samples an open-trimer conformation exposing novel epitopes. Costello SM, Shoemaker SR, Hobbs HT, Nguyen AW, Hsieh CL, Maynard JA, McLellan JS, Pak JE, Marqusee S. Nat Struct Mol Biol 29 229-238 (2022)
  1073. The fatty acid site is coupled to functional motifs in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and modulates spike allosteric behaviour. Sofia F Oliveira A, Shoemark DK, Avila Ibarra A, Davidson AD, Berger I, Schaffitzel C, Mulholland AJ. Comput Struct Biotechnol J (2021)
  1074. Editorial The viral phoenix: enhanced infectivity and immunity evasion of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Choi H, Chatterjee P, Hwang M, Lichtfouse E, Sharma VK, Jinadatha C. Environ Chem Lett 20 1539-1544 (2022)
  1075. Theoretical Design of Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles as Antiviral Agents against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Mehranfar A, Izadyar M. J Phys Chem Lett 11 10284-10289 (2020)
  1076. Letter Therapeutic potential of loureirin A against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Khezri MR, Moloodsouri D, Hodaei D, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Phytother Res 36 3011-3012 (2022)
  1077. Thermodynamic analysis of the interactions between human ACE2 and spike RBD of Betacoronaviruses (SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2). Rombel-Bryzek A, Miller A, Witkowska D. FEBS Open Bio 13 174-184 (2023)
  1078. Tracking the amino acid changes of spike proteins across diverse host species of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Yerukala Sathipati S, Shukla SK, Ho SY. iScience 25 103560 (2022)
  1079. Tripartite Combination of Candidate Pandemic Mitigation Agents: Vitamin D, Quercetin, and Estradiol Manifest Properties of Medicinal Agents for Targeted Mitigation of the COVID-19 Pandemic Defined by Genomics-Guided Tracing of SARS-CoV-2 Targets in Human Cells. Glinsky GV. Biomedicines 8 (2020)
  1080. Trivalent SARS-CoV-2 S1 Subunit Protein Vaccination Induces Broad Humoral Responses in BALB/c Mice. Khan MS, Kim E, Huang S, Kenniston TW, Gambotto A. Vaccines (Basel) 11 314 (2023)
  1081. Uncovering a conserved vulnerability site in SARS-CoV-2 by a human antibody. Li T, Cai H, Zhao Y, Li Y, Lai Y, Yao H, Liu LD, Sun Z, van Vlissingen MF, Kuiken T, GeurtsvanKessel CH, Zhang N, Zhou B, Lu L, Gong Y, Qin W, Mondal M, Duan B, Xu S, Richard AS, Raoul H, Chen J, Xu C, Wu L, Zhou H, Huang Z, Zhang X, Li J, Wang Y, Bi Y, Rockx B, Chen J, Meng FL, Lavillette D, Li D. EMBO Mol Med 13 e14544 (2021)
  1082. Unglycosylated Soluble SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) Produced in E. coli Combined with the Army Liposomal Formulation Containing QS21 (ALFQ) Elicits Neutralizing Antibodies against Mismatched Variants. Balasubramaniyam A, Ryan E, Brown D, Hamza T, Harrison W, Gan M, Sankhala RS, Chen WH, Martinez EJ, Jensen JL, Dussupt V, Mendez-Rivera L, Mayer S, King J, Michael NL, Regules J, Krebs S, Rao M, Matyas GR, Joyce MG, Batchelor AH, Gromowski GD, Dutta S. Vaccines (Basel) 11 42 (2022)
  1083. Unraveling the origin of interactions of hydroxychloroquine with the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 in aqueous medium. Santra S, Giri S, Jana M. Chem Phys Lett 764 138280 (2021)
  1084. Up State of the SARS-COV-2 Spike Homotrimer Favors an Increased Virulence for New Variants. Giron CC, Laaksonen A, Barroso da Silva FL. Front Med Technol 3 694347 (2021)
  1085. Use of the informational spectrum methodology for rapid biological analysis of the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: prediction of potential receptor, natural reservoir, tropism and therapeutic/vaccine target. Veljkovic V, Vergara-Alert J, Segalés J, Paessler S. F1000Res 9 52 (2020)
  1086. Using student-centered approaches to teach the biochemistry of SARS-CoV-2. Zewail-Foote M. Biochem Mol Biol Educ 48 655-656 (2020)
  1087. Variations in Cell Surface ACE2 Levels Alter Direct Binding of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Viral Infectivity: Implications for Measuring Spike Protein Interactions with Animal ACE2 Orthologs. Kazemi S, López-Muñoz AD, Hollý J, Jin L, Yewdell JW, Dolan BP. J Virol 96 e0025622 (2022)
  1088. Versatile role of ACE2-based biosensors for detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants and neutralizing antibodies. Lee JH, Lee Y, Lee SK, Kim J, Lee CS, Kim NH, Kim HG. Biosens Bioelectron 203 114034 (2022)
  1089. Virtual screening and molecular dynamics study of approved drugs as inhibitors of spike protein S1 domain and ACE2 interaction in SARS-CoV-2. Prajapat M, Shekhar N, Sarma P, Avti P, Singh S, Kaur H, Bhattacharyya A, Kumar S, Sharma S, Prakash A, Medhi B. J Mol Graph Model 101 107716 (2020)
  1090. Wild Sambucus nigra L. from north-east edge of the species range: A valuable germplasm with inhibitory capacity against SARS-CoV2 S-protein RBD and hACE2 binding in vitro. Boroduske A, Jekabsons K, Riekstina U, Muceniece R, Rostoks N, Nakurte I. Ind Crops Prod 165 113438 (2021)
  1091. research-article Zoonotic origins of human coronavirus 2019 (HCoV-19 / SARS-CoV-2): why is this work important? Wong G, Bi YH, Wang QH, Chen XW, Zhang ZG, Yao YG. Zool Res 41 213-219 (2020)
  1092. 'All In One' SARS-CoV-2 variant recognition platform: Machine learning-enabled point of care diagnostics. Beduk D, Ilton de Oliveira Filho J, Beduk T, Harmanci D, Zihnioglu F, Cicek C, Sertoz R, Arda B, Goksel T, Turhan K, Salama KN, Timur S. Biosens Bioelectron X 10 100105 (2022)
  1093. 19n01, a broadly neutralizing antibody against omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/5, and other SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. García-Vega M, Melgoza-González EA, Hernández-Valenzuela S, Hinojosa-Trujillo D, Reséndiz-Sandoval M, Llamas-Covarrubias MA, Loza-López M, Valenzuela O, Soto-Gaxiola A, Hernández-Oñate MA, Mata-Haro V, Cassaniti I, Sammartino JC, Ferrari A, Simonelli L, Pedotti M, Sun R, Zuo F, Baldanti F, Varani L, Marcotte H, Pan-Hammarström Q, Hernández J. iScience 26 106562 (2023)
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  1095. ACE2 and a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula NRICM101 Could Alleviate the Inflammation and Pathogenic Process of Acute Lung Injury. Lin CH, Chen YJ, Lin MW, Chang HJ, Yang XR, Lin CS. Medicina (Kaunas) 59 1554 (2023)
  1096. Antrodia cinnamomea May Interfere with the Interaction Between ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in vitro and Reduces Lung Inflammation in a Hamster Model of COVID-19. Li LH, Chiu HW, Wong WT, Huang KC, Lin TW, Chen ST, Hua KF. J Inflamm Res 16 4867-4884 (2023)
  1097. Letter Cave canem: urine is not urine in corona times. Yannic K, Wolfgang H, Germar-Michael P. Future Oncol 16 2899-2902 (2020)
  1098. In silico analysis of ACE2 orthologues to predict animal host range with high susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Bouricha EM, Hakmi M, Akachar J, Belyamani L, Ibrahimi A. 3 Biotech 10 483 (2020)
  1099. In silico anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities of five-membered heterocycle-substituted benzimidazoles. Mudi PK, Mahato RK, Verma H, Panda SJ, Purohit CS, Silakari O, Biswas B. J Mol Struct 1261 132869 (2022)
  1100. In silico design of peptides with binding to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 and their utility in bio-sensor development for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Badhe Y, Gupta R, Rai B. RSC Adv 11 3816-3826 (2021)
  1101. In silico exploration of novel protease inhibitors against coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Aghaee E, Ghodrati M, Ghasemi JB. Inform Med Unlocked 23 100516 (2021)
  1102. In silico identification of RBD subdomain of spike protein from Pro322-Thr581 for applications in vaccine development against SARS-CoV2. Pagadala NS, Landi A, Maturu P, Tuszynski J. J Mol Struct 1240 130534 (2021)
  1103. In silico study of novel niclosamide derivatives, SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural proteins catalytic residue-targeting small molecules drug candidates. Lawal B, Tsai SK, Wu ATH, Huang HS. Arab J Chem 16 104654 (2023)
  1104. In silico study of the inhibition of SARS-COV-2 viral cell entry by neem tree extracts. Shadrack DM, Vuai SAH, Sahini MG, Onoka I. RSC Adv 11 26524-26533 (2021)
  1105. Melastoma malabathricum L. Suppresses Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Induced by Synthetic Analog of Viral Double-Stranded RNA Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Huang TH, Hsieh PW, Chen TJ, Tsai HJ, Cheng JC, Liao HR, Kuo SL, Tseng CP. Pathogens 12 341 (2023)
  1106. SARS-CoV-2 might transmit through the skin while the skin barrier function could be the mediator. Xu Q, Zhang L, Chen L, Zhao X, Wang X, Hu M, Le Y, Xue F, Li X, Zheng J. Med Hypotheses 159 110752 (2022)
  1107. Schizophyllum commune Reduces Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 Receptors ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Sun TK, Huang WC, Sun YW, Deng JS, Chien LH, Chou YN, Jiang WP, Lin JG, Huang GJ. Int J Mol Sci 23 14766 (2022)
  1108. Letter A 336-nucleotide in-frame deletion in ORF7a gene of SARS-CoV-2 identified in genomic surveillance by next-generation sequencing. Lucas S, Jones MS, Kothari S, Madlambayan A, Ngo C, Chan C, Goraichuk IV. J Clin Virol 148 105105 (2022)
  1109. A Bioluminescent Biosensor for Quantifying the Interaction of SARS-CoV-2 and Its Receptor ACE2 in Cells and In Vitro. Yang X, Liu L, Hao Y, So E, Emami SS, Zhang D, Gong Y, Sheth PM, Wang Y. Viruses 13 1055 (2021)
  1110. A COVID-19 vaccine candidate using SpyCatcher multimerization of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain induces potent neutralising antibody responses. Tan TK, Rijal P, Rahikainen R, Keeble AH, Schimanski L, Hussain S, Harvey R, Hayes JWP, Edwards JC, McLean RK, Martini V, Pedrera M, Thakur N, Conceicao C, Dietrich I, Shelton H, Ludi A, Wilsden G, Browning C, Zagrajek AK, Bialy D, Bhat S, Stevenson-Leggett P, Hollinghurst P, Tully M, Moffat K, Chiu C, Waters R, Gray A, Azhar M, Mioulet V, Newman J, Asfor AS, Burman A, Crossley S, Hammond JA, Tchilian E, Charleston B, Bailey D, Tuthill TJ, Graham SP, Duyvesteyn HME, Malinauskas T, Huo J, Tree JA, Buttigieg KR, Owens RJ, Carroll MW, Daniels RS, McCauley JW, Stuart DI, Huang KA, Howarth M, Townsend AR. Nat Commun 12 542 (2021)
  1111. A Cell-Free Assay for Rapid Screening of Inhibitors of hACE2-Receptor-SARS-CoV-2-Spike Binding. Kikuchi N, Willinger O, Granik N, Gal R, Navon N, Ackerman S, Samuel E, Antman T, Katz N, Goldberg S, Amit R. ACS Synth Biol 11 1389-1396 (2022)
  1112. A Drug Repurposing Approach for Antimalarials Interfering with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) and Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). Coghi P, Yang LJ, Ng JPL, Haynes RK, Memo M, Gianoncelli A, Wong VKW, Ribaudo G. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 14 954 (2021)
  1113. A Highly Potent SARS-CoV-2 Blocking Lectin Protein. Ahan RE, Hanifehnezhad A, Kehribar EŞ, Oguzoglu TC, Földes K, Özçelik CE, Filazi N, Öztop S, Palaz F, Önder S, Bozkurt EU, Ergünay K, Özkul A, Şeker UÖŞ. ACS Infect Dis (2022)
  1114. A Mycobacteriophage-Based Vaccine Platform: SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Expression and Display. Freeman KG, Wetzel KS, Zhang Y, Zack KM, Jacobs-Sera D, Walters SM, Barbeau DJ, McElroy AK, Williams JV, Hatfull GF. Microorganisms 9 2414 (2021)
  1115. A Nanomechanical Study on Deciphering the Stickiness of SARS-CoV-2 on Inanimate Surfaces. Xie L, Liu F, Liu J, Zeng H. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 12 58360-58368 (2020)
  1116. A Positron Emission Tomography Tracer Targeting the S2 Subunit of SARS-CoV-2 in Extrapulmonary Infections. Xian J, Huang H, Huang G, Zhou R, Yang M, Qiu Y, Bi L, Su Z, Xiao F, Shan H, Jin H. Mol Pharm 19 4264-4274 (2022)
  1117. A Systematic Review of the Global Intervention for SARS-CoV-2 Combating: From Drugs Repurposing to Molnupiravir Approval. Ashour NA, Abo Elmaaty A, Sarhan AA, Elkaeed EB, Moussa AM, Erfan IA, Al-Karmalawy AA. Drug Des Devel Ther 16 685-715 (2022)
  1118. A Universal Design of Betacoronavirus Vaccines against COVID-19, MERS, and SARS. Dai L, Zheng T, Xu K, Han Y, Xu L, Huang E, An Y, Cheng Y, Li S, Liu M, Yang M, Li Y, Cheng H, Yuan Y, Zhang W, Ke C, Wong G, Qi J, Qin C, Yan J, Gao GF. Cell 182 722-733.e11 (2020)
  1119. A bioengineered pseudovirus nanoparticle displaying SARS-CoV 2 RBD fully protects mice from mortality and weight loss caused by SARS-CoV 2 challenge. Xia M, López K, Vago FS, Huang P, Auguste DI, Jiang W, Auguste AJ, Tan M. Biotechnol J 18 e2300130 (2023)
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  1121. A comprehensive investigation of the mRNA and protein level of ACE2, the putative receptor of SARS-CoV-2, in human tissues and blood cells. Wang Y, Wang Y, Luo W, Huang L, Xiao J, Li F, Qin S, Song X, Wu Y, Zeng Q, Jin F, Wang Y. Int J Med Sci 17 1522-1531 (2020)
  1122. A fast, efficient, and scalable method for purifying recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Butani N, Xu Y, Pan S, Durocher Y, Ghosh R. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 1215 123579 (2023)
  1123. A high-throughput liquid bead array assay confirms strong correlation between SARS-CoV-2 antibody level and COVID-19 severity. Bennett M, Yoder S, Brady E, Pulley JM, Rhoads JP, Stewart TG, Bernard GR, Creech CB, Wheeler AP, Thomsen I. iScience 24 102052 (2021)
  1124. A highly sensitive bead-based flow cytometric competitive binding assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody activity. Yao X, Zhang Z, Mei Q, Li S, Xing L, Long Y, Zhang D, Wang J, Wang X, Xie B, Yang B, Gao Y, Wu C, Meng Q. Front Immunol 13 1041860 (2022)
  1125. A molecular dynamic study on the ability of phosphorene for designing new sensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Mehranfar A, Khavani M, Izadyar M. J Mol Liq 345 117852 (2022)
  1126. A novel inhibitor of SARS-CoV infection: Lactulose octasulfate interferes with ACE2-Spike protein binding. Pashameah RA, Soltane R, Sayed AM. Heliyon 10 e23222 (2024)
  1127. A novel screening strategy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs via blocking interaction between Spike RBD and ACE2. Wang X, Yang C, Sun Y, Sui X, Zhu T, Wang Q, Wang S, Yang J, Yang W, Liu F, Zhang M, Wang Y, Luo Y. Environ Int 147 106361 (2021)
  1128. A one-step platform for screening high-efficient and minimal off-target CRISPR/Cas13 crRNAs to eradicate SARS-CoV-2 virus for treatment of COVID-19 patients. Li PY, Li SQ, Gao SG, Dong DY. Med Hypotheses 159 110754 (2022)
  1129. A pan-SARS-CoV-2-specific soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-albumin fusion engineered for enhanced plasma half-life and needle-free mucosal delivery. Benjakul S, Anthi AK, Kolderup A, Vaysburd M, Lode HE, Mallery D, Fossum E, Vikse EL, Albecka A, Ianevski A, Kainov D, Karlsen KF, Sakya SA, Nyquist-Andersen M, Gjølberg TT, Moe MC, Bjørås M, Sandlie I, James LC, Andersen JT. PNAS Nexus 2 pgad403 (2023)
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  1137. ACE-2 Expression and Methylation Pattern in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Bloods of Iranian ARDS Covid-19 Patients. Najafipour R, Mohammadi D, Momeni M, Moghbelinejad S. Int J Mol Cell Med 11 55-63 (2022)
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  1139. ACE/ACE2 balance might be instrumental to explain the certain comorbidities leading to severe COVID-19 cases. Bank S, De SK, Bankura B, Maiti S, Das M, A Khan G. Biosci Rep 41 (2021)
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  1147. ACE2, ACE, DPPIV, PREP and CAT L enzymatic activities in COVID-19: imbalance of ACE2/ACE ratio and potential RAAS dysregulation in severe cases. Neves RL, Branquinho J, Arata JG, Bittencourt CA, Gomes CP, Riguetti M, da Mata GF, Fernandes DE, Icimoto MY, Kirsztajn GM, Pesquero JB. Inflamm Res (2023)
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  1149. ACE2-derived peptides interact with the RBD domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, disrupting the interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. Souza PFN, Amaral JL, Bezerra LP, Lopes FES, Freire VN, Oliveira JTA, Freitas CDT. J Biomol Struct Dyn 1-14 (2021)
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  1444. Identification and mechanistic basis of non-ACE2 blocking neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients with deep RNA sequencing and molecular dynamics simulations. Fredericks AM, East KW, Shi Y, Liu J, Maschietto F, Ayala A, Cioffi WG, Cohen M, Fairbrother WG, Lefort CT, Nau GJ, Levy MM, Wang J, Batista VS, Lisi GP, Monaghan SF. Front Mol Biosci 9 1080964 (2022)
  1445. Identification of Antibody-Mediated Hydrolysis Sites of Oligopeptides Corresponding to the SARS-CoV-2 S-Protein by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Timofeeva AM, Sedykh SE, Dmitrenok PS, Nevinsky GA. Int J Mol Sci 24 14342 (2023)
  1446. Identification of Leading Compounds from Euphorbia neriifolia (Dudsor) Extracts as a Potential Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 ACE2-RBDS1 Receptor Complex: An Insight from Molecular Docking ADMET Profiling and MD-simulation Studies. Islam MN, Pramanik MEA, Hossain MA, Rahman MH, Hossen MS, Islam MA, Miah MMZ, Ahmed I, Hossain AM, Haque MJ, Islam AM, Ali MN, Jahan RA, Haque ME, Rahman MM, Hasan MS, Rahman MM, Kabir MM, Basak PM, Sarkar MAM, Islam MS, Rahman MR, Prodhan AA, Mosaddik A, Haque H, Fahmin F, Das HS, Islam MM, Emtia C, Gofur MR, Liang A, Akbar SMF. Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol 13 89-107 (2023)
  1447. Identification of a Novel Neutralizing Epitope on the N-Terminal Domain of the Human Coronavirus 229E Spike Protein. Shi J, Shi Y, Xiu R, Wang G, Liang R, Jiao Y, Shen Z, Zhu C, Peng G. J Virol 96 e0195521 (2022)
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  1449. Identification of a short ACE2-derived stapled peptide targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Calugi L, Sautariello G, Lenci E, Mattei ML, Coppa C, Cini N, Contini A, Trabocchi A. Eur J Med Chem 249 115118 (2023)
  1450. Identification of antiviral peptide inhibitors for receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 omicron and its sub-variants: an in-silico approach. Singh S, Banavath HN, Godara P, Naik B, Srivastava V, Prusty D. 3 Biotech 12 198 (2022)
  1451. Identification of broad anti-coronavirus chemical agents for repurposing against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern. Murer L, Volle R, Andriasyan V, Petkidis A, Gomez-Gonzalez A, Yang L, Meili N, Suomalainen M, Bauer M, Policarpo Sequeira D, Olszewski D, Georgi F, Kuttler F, Turcatti G, Greber UF. Curr Res Virol Sci 3 100019 (2022)
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  1453. Identification of genotypic variants and its proteomic mutations of Brazilian SARS-CoV-2 isolates. Prathiviraj R, Chellapandi P, Begum A, Kiran GS, Selvin J. Virus Res 307 198618 (2022)
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  1455. Identification of host transcriptome-guided repurposable drugs for SARS-CoV-1 infections and their validation with SARS-CoV-2 infections by using the integrated bioinformatics approaches. Ahmed FF, Reza MS, Sarker MS, Islam MS, Mosharaf MP, Hasan S, Mollah MNH. PLoS One 17 e0266124 (2022)
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  1458. Identification of phytochemicals in Qingfei Paidu decoction for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 by targeting the virus-host interactome. Li Y, Wu Y, Li S, Li Y, Zhang X, Shou Z, Gu S, Zhou C, Xu D, Zhao K, Tan S, Qiu J, Pan X, Li L. Biomed Pharmacother 156 113946 (2022)
  1459. Identification of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 S protein-ACE2 interaction by in silico drug repurposing. Tristán-Flores FE, Casique-Aguirre D, Pliego-Arreaga R, Cervantes-Montelongo JA, García-Gutierrez P, Acosta-García G, Silva-Martínez GA. F1000Res 10 Chem Inf Sci-358 (2021)
  1460. Identification of potential target endoribonuclease NSP15 inhibitors of SARS-COV-2 from natural products through high-throughput virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation. Hu LC, Ding CH, Li HY, Li ZZ, Chen Y, Li LP, Li WZ, Liu WS. J Food Biochem 46 e14085 (2022)
  1461. Identification of the regulatory mechanism of ACE2 in COVID-19-induced kidney damage with systems genetics approach. Yang X, Lin C, Liu J, Zhang Y, Deng T, Wei M, Pan S, Lu L, Li X, Tian G, Mi J, Xu F, Yang C. J Mol Med (Berl) 101 449-460 (2023)
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  1463. Immunoinformatic approach to assess SARS-CoV-2 protein S epitopes recognised by the most frequent MHC-I alleles in the Brazilian population. Moura RR, Agrelli A, Santos-Silva CA, Silva N, Assunção BR, Brandão L, Benko-Iseppon AM, Crovella S. J Clin Pathol (2020)
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  1465. Impact of ACE2 gene variations on COVID-19 pathogenicity in Pakistani patients. Waryah YM, Khidri FF, Nigar R, Devrajani T, Rajput AR, Waryah AM, Ujjan ID. Saudi J Biol Sci 30 103813 (2023)
  1466. Impact of B.1.617 and RBD SARS-CoV-2 variants on vaccine efficacy: An in-silico approach. Ranjan P, Neha, Devi C, Jain G, Mallick CB, Das P. Indian J Med Microbiol S0255-0857(22)00054-8 (2022)
  1467. Impact of COVID-19 on Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Ambrose PA, Goodman WA. J Explor Res Pharmacol 7 37-44 (2022)
  1468. Impact of Genetic Variability in ACE2 Expression on the Evolutionary Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G Mutation. Huang SW, Miller SO, Yen CH, Wang SF. Genes (Basel) 12 (2020)
  1469. Impact of Thiol-Disulfide Balance on the Binding of Covid-19 Spike Protein with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Receptor. Hati S, Bhattacharyya S. ACS Omega 5 16292-16298 (2020)
  1470. Impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on COVID-19 in a western population. CARDIOVID registry. López-Otero D, López-Pais J, Cacho-Antonio CE, Antúnez-Muiños PJ, González-Ferreiro T, Pérez-Poza M, Otero-García Ó, Díaz-Fernández B, Bastos-Fernández M, Bouzas-Cruz N, Sanmartín-Pena XC, Varela-Román A, Portela-Romero M, Valdés-Cuadrado L, Pose-Reino A, González-Juanatey JR. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) (2020)
  1471. Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on lung cancer patients: A meta-analysis. Wang L, Wang Y, Cheng X, Li X, Li J. Transl Oncol 28 101605 (2023)
  1472. Impact of glycan cloud on the B-cell epitope prediction of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. Wintjens R, Bifani AM, Bifani P. NPJ Vaccines 5 81 (2020)
  1473. Letter Implications of the Emergence of a New Variant of SARS-CoV-2, VUI-202012/01. Rahimi F, Talebi Bezmin Abadi A. Arch Med Res (2021)
  1474. Case Reports Importance of wastewater-based epidemiology for detecting and monitoring SARS-CoV-2. Sridhar J, Parit R, Boopalakrishnan G, Rexliene MJ, Praveen R, Viswananathan B. Case Stud Chem Environ Eng 6 100241 (2022)
  1475. Improved Binding Affinity of Omicron's Spike Protein for the Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Receptor Is the Key behind Its Increased Virulence. Kumar R, Murugan NA, Srivastava V. Int J Mol Sci 23 3409 (2022)
  1476. In Silico Approach for the Evaluation of the Potential Antiviral Activity of Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) Bioactive Constituents Oleuropein and Oleocanthal on Spike Therapeutic Drug Target of SARS-CoV-2. Geromichalou EG, Geromichalos GD. Molecules 27 7572 (2022)
  1477. In silico docking analysis revealed the potential of phytochemicals present in Phyllanthus amarus and Andrographis paniculata, used in Ayurveda medicine in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2. Hiremath S, Kumar HDV, Nandan M, Mantesh M, Shankarappa KS, Venkataravanappa V, Basha CRJ, Reddy CNL. 3 Biotech 11 44 (2021)
  1478. In silico drug repurposing carvedilol and its metabolites against SARS-CoV-2 infection using molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation approaches. Zhang C, Liu J, Sui Y, Liu S, Yang M. Sci Rep 13 21404 (2023)
  1479. In silico identification of strong binders of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain. Behloul N, Baha S, Guo Y, Yang Z, Shi R, Meng J. Eur J Pharmacol 890 173701 (2021)
  1480. In silico mutational analysis of ACE2 to check the susceptibility of lung cancer patients towards COVID-19. Khalid Z, Khan AT, Alnajjar R, Santali E, Shakoori AR. Sci Rep 12 7798 (2022)
  1481. In silico study of azithromycin, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine and their potential mechanisms of action against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Braz HLB, Silveira JAM, Marinho AD, de Moraes MEA, Moraes Filho MO, Monteiro HSA, Jorge RJB. Int J Antimicrob Agents 56 106119 (2020)
  1482. In-House Immunofluorescence Assay for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antigens in Cells from Nasopharyngeal Swabs as a Diagnostic Method for COVID-19. Lam AH, Cai JP, Leung KY, Zhang RR, Liu D, Fan Y, Tam AR, Cheng VC, To KK, Yuen KY, Hung IF, Chan KH. Diagnostics (Basel) 11 2346 (2021)
  1483. In-silico drug repurposing study: Amprenavir, enalaprilat, and plerixafor, potential drugs for destabilizing the SARS-CoV-2 S-protein-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 complex. Buitrón-González I, Aguilera-Durán G, Romo-Mancillas A. Results Chem 3 100094 (2021)
  1484. In-silico screening and in-vitro assay show the antiviral effect of Indomethacin against SARS-CoV-2. Chakraborty R, Bhattacharje G, Baral J, Manna B, Mullick J, Mathapati BS, Abraham P, J M, Hasija Y, Ghosh A, Das AK. Comput Biol Med 147 105788 (2022)
  1485. In-silico study on perovskites application in capturing and distorting coronavirus. Khedri M, Zandi P, Ghasemy E, Nikzad A, Maleki R, Rezaei N. Inform Med Unlocked 26 100755 (2021)
  1486. Increased blood pressure after nonsevere COVID-19. Schmidt-Lauber C, Alba Schmidt E, Hänzelmann S, Petersen EL, Behrendt CA, Twerenbold R, Blankenberg S, Huber TB, Wenzel UO. J Hypertens 41 1721-1729 (2023)
  1487. Influence of prior comorbidities and chronic medications use on the risk of COVID-19 in adults: a population-based cohort study in Tarragona, Spain. Vila-Córcoles A, Ochoa-Gondar O, Satué-Gracia EM, Torrente-Fraga C, Gomez-Bertomeu F, Vila-Rovira A, Hospital-Guardiola I, de Diego-Cabanes C, Bejarano-Romero F, Basora-Gallisà J. BMJ Open 10 e041577 (2020)
  1488. Infrared spectra of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain: Molecular dynamics simulations. Du J, Yao N, Ma X, Wang H, Li Q, Feng Z. Chem Phys Lett 810 140176 (2023)
  1489. Inhibition of ACE2-Spike Interaction by an ACE2 Binder Suppresses SARS-CoV-2 Entry. Shin YH, Jeong K, Lee J, Lee HJ, Yim J, Kim J, Kim S, Park SB. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 61 e202115695 (2022)
  1490. Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Entry: Current and Future Opportunities. Xiu S, Dick A, Ju H, Mirzaie S, Abdi F, Cocklin S, Zhan P, Liu X. J Med Chem (2020)
  1491. Inhibitory activities of alginate phosphate and sulfate derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Yang C, Li D, Wang S, Xu M, Wang D, Li X, Xu X, Li C. Int J Biol Macromol 227 316-328 (2023)
  1492. Innovative, rapid, high-throughput method for drug repurposing in a pandemic-A case study of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Bello SO, Yunusa A, Adamu AA, Imam MU, Bello MB, Shuaibu A, Igumbor EU, Habib ZG, Popoola MA, Ochu CL, Bello AY, Deeni YY, Okoye I. Front Pharmacol 14 1130828 (2023)
  1493. Insight into molecular characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein following D614G point mutation, a molecular dynamics study. Mahmoudi Gomari M, Rostami N, Omidi-Ardali H, Arab SS. J Biomol Struct Dyn 1-9 (2021)
  1494. Insights into Binding of Single-Stranded Viral RNA Template to the Replication-Transcription Complex of SARS-CoV-2 for the Priming Reaction from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Wang J, Shi Y, Reiss K, Allen B, Maschietto F, Lolis E, Konigsberg WH, Lisi GP, Batista VS. Biochemistry 61 424-432 (2022)
  1495. Integrate structural analysis, isoform diversity, and interferon-inductive propensity of ACE2 to predict SARS-CoV2 susceptibility in vertebrates. Sang ER, Tian Y, Gong Y, Miller LC, Sang Y. Heliyon 6 e04818 (2020)
  1496. Integration of Multiple Interferometers in Highly Multiplexed Diagnostic KITs to Evaluate Several Biomarkers of COVID-19 in Serum. Murillo AMM, Valle LG, Ramírez Y, Sánchez MJ, Santamaría B, Molina-Roldan E, Ortega-Madueño I, Urcelay E, Tramarin L, Herreros P, Díaz-Perales A, Garrido-Arandia M, Tome-Amat J, Hernández-Ramírez G, Espinosa RL, Laguna MF, Holgado M. Biosensors (Basel) 12 671 (2022)
  1497. Integrin α5 Is Regulated by miR-218-5p in Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Liu J, Li Y, Lyu L, Xiao L, Memon AA, Yu X, Halim A, Patel S, Osman A, Yin W, Jiang J, Naini S, Lim K, Zhang A, Williams JD, Koester R, Qi KZ, Fucci QA, Ding L, Chang S, Patel A, Mori Y, Chaudhari A, Bao A, Liu J, Lu TS, Siedlecki A. J Am Soc Nephrol 33 565-582 (2022)
  1498. Interfering effects on the bioactivities of several key proteins of COVID-19/variants in diabetes by compounds from Lianqiao leaves: In silico and in vitro analyses. Fu Y, Pan F, Zhao L, Zhao S, Yi J, Cai S. Int J Biol Macromol 207 715-729 (2022)
  1499. Intestinal IL-1β Plays a Role in Protecting against SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Lücke J, Heinrich F, Malsy J, Meins N, Schnell J, Böttcher M, Nawrocki M, Zhang T, Bertram F, Sabihi M, Kempski J, Blankenburg T, Duprée A, Reeh M, Wolter S, Mann O, Izbicki JR, Lohse AW, Gagliani N, Lütgehetmann M, Bunders MJ, Altfeld M, Sauter G, Giannou AD, Krasemann S, Ondruschka B, Huber S. J Immunol 211 1052-1061 (2023)
  1500. Intramuscular injection of a mixture of COVID-19 peptide vaccine and tetanus vaccine in horse induced neutralizing antibodies against authentic virus of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant. Deng W, Sweeney RW. Vaccine X 12 100230 (2022)
  1501. Intranasal Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Immunization with Lipid Adjuvants Provides Systemic and Mucosal Immune Response against SARS-CoV-2 S1 Spike and Nucleocapsid Protein. Sengupta A, Azharuddin M, Cardona ME, Devito C, von Castelmur E, Wehlin A, Pietras Z, Sunnerhagen M, Selegård R, Aili D, Alamer A, Hinkula J, Al-Otaibi N. Vaccines (Basel) 10 504 (2022)
  1502. Intranasal immunization with recombinant Vaccinia virus encoding trimeric SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain induces neutralizing antibody. Cao X, Zai J, Zhao Q, Xie L, Li Y. Vaccine 40 5757-5763 (2022)
  1503. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Investigate Oral Zinc as a Prophylactic Treatment for Those at Risk for COVID-19. McPherson SW, Keunen JE, Bird AC, Chew EY, van Kuijk FJ. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 216 A5-A6 (2020)
  1504. Investigation of Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of CLEC4M of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Associated with Immune Microenvironment. Liu H, Yu Z, Liu Y, Li M, Chen C, Zhu Z, Liu F, Tan L. Int J Gen Med 16 1317-1332 (2023)
  1505. Letter Is COVID-19 a risk factor for severe preeclampsia? Hospital experience in a developing country. Coronado-Arroyo JC, Concepción-Zavaleta MJ, Zavaleta-Gutiérrez FE, Concepción-Urteaga LA. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 256 502-503 (2021)
  1506. Letter Is SARS-CoV-2 associated with liver dysfunction in COVID-19 patients? Ali N. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 44 e84-e86 (2020)
  1507. Is aberrant CD8+ T cell activation by hypertension associated with cardiac injury in severe cases of COVID-19? Zhang C, Wang FS, Silvestre JS, Arenzana-Seisdedos F, Tang H. Cell Mol Immunol 17 675-676 (2020)
  1508. Comment Is multisystem inflammatory syndrome related with coronavirus disease 2019, Kawasaki disease, and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in children? Eun LY. Clin Exp Pediatr 64 225-226 (2021)
  1509. Isolation of a human SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody from a synthetic phage library and its conversion to fluorescent biosensors. Li H, Zhu B, Li B, Chen L, Ning X, Dong H, Liang J, Yang X, Dong J, Ueda H. Sci Rep 12 15496 (2022)
  1510. KN95 and N95 Respirators Retain Filtration Efficiency despite a Loss of Dipole Charge during Decontamination. Yim W, Cheng D, Patel SH, Kou R, Meng YS, Jokerst JV. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 12 54473-54480 (2020)
  1511. Key residues influencing binding affinities of 2019-nCoV with ACE2 in different species. Fang S, Zheng R, Lei C, Wang J, Zheng R, Li M. Brief Bioinform (2020)
  1512. Kidney manifestations of mild, moderate and severe coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective cohort study. Hong D, Long L, Wang AY, Lei Y, Tang Y, Zhao JW, Song X, He Y, Wen E, Zheng L, Li G, Wang L. Clin Kidney J 13 340-346 (2020)
  1513. Label-Free Analysis of Binding and Inhibition of SARS-Cov-19 Spike Proteins to ACE2 Receptor with ACE2-Derived Peptides by Surface Plasmon Resonance. Abouhajar F, Chaudhuri R, Valiulis SN, Stuart DD, Malinick AS, Xue M, Cheng Q. ACS Appl Bio Mater 6 182-190 (2023)
  1514. Lack of Association Between Genetic Variants at ACE2 and TMPRSS2 Genes Involved in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Human Quantitative Phenotypes. Lopera Maya EA, van der Graaf A, Lanting P, van der Geest M, Fu J, Swertz M, Franke L, Wijmenga C, Deelen P, Zhernakova A, Sanna S, Lifelines Cohort Study. Front Genet 11 613 (2020)
  1515. Letter: Neurological Implications of COVID-19 and Lessons Learned From Prior Epidemics and Pandemics. Daou BJ, Koduri S, Palmateer G, Thompson BG, Chaudhary N, Gemmete JJ, Pandey AS. Neurosurgery 87 E234-E238 (2020)
  1516. Lineage-specific positive selection on ACE2 contributes to the genetic susceptibility of COVID-19. Pan Y, Liu P, Wang F, Wu P, Cheng F, Jin X, Xu S. Natl Sci Rev 9 nwac118 (2022)
  1517. Liver Function Tests and FIB-4 Score as Predictors of Severity in COVID-19 Patients from the South-West of Romania. Kamal AM, Dumitrescu F, Mită A, Săbiescu DM, Alexandru DO, Gheorghe CE, Filip MM, Ionescu-Ciocâlteu A, Maria DT, Kamal D, Kamal CK. Life (Basel) 12 934 (2022)
  1518. Low temperature bacterial expression of the neutral amino acid transporters SLC1A5 (ASCT2), and SLC6A19 (B0AT1). Galluccio M, Pantanella M, Giudice D, Brescia S, Indiveri C. Mol Biol Rep 47 7283-7289 (2020)
  1519. Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (LDLR) Is Involved in Internalization of Lentiviral Particles Pseudotyped with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Ocular Cells. Uppal S, Postnikova O, Villasmil R, Rogozin IB, Bocharov AV, Eggerman TL, Poliakov E, Redmond TM. Int J Mol Sci 24 11860 (2023)
  1520. Lower Levels of ABO Anti-A and Anti-B of IgM, IgG and IgA Isotypes in the Serum but Not the Saliva of COVID-19 Convalescents. Matzhold EM, Körmöczi GF, Banfi C, Schönbacher M, Drexler-Helmberg C, Steinmetz I, Berghold A, Schlenke P, Wagner GE, Stoisser A, Kleinhappl B, Mayr WR, Wagner T. J Clin Med 11 4513 (2022)
  1521. Lung Injury in COVID-19 Has Pulmonary Edema as an Important Component and Treatment with Furosemide and Negative Fluid Balance (NEGBAL) Decreases Mortality. Santos JLF, Zanardi P, Alo V, Dos Santos V, Bovone L, Rodriguez M, Magdaleno F, De Langhe V, Villoldo A, Martinez Souvielle R, Alconcher J, Quiros D, Milicchio C, Garcia Saiz E. J Clin Med 12 1542 (2023)
  1522. MDM2-Mediated Ubiquitination of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Contributes to the Development of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Shen H, Zhang J, Wang C, Jain PP, Xiong M, Shi X, Lei Y, Chen S, Yin Q, Thistlethwaite PA, Wang J, Gong K, Yuan ZY, Yuan JX, Shyy JY. Circulation 142 1190-1204 (2020)
  1523. Machine Learning Guided Design of High-Affinity ACE2 Decoys for SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization. Chan MC, Chan KK, Procko E, Shukla D. J Phys Chem B 127 1995-2001 (2023)
  1524. Management of Immunity Alteration-Induced Chronic Pain During the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic. Sun W, Gao H, Luo Y, Zheng H, Liao X, Xiong D, Xiao L. Front Microbiol 11 572318 (2020)
  1525. Mapping cross-variant neutralizing sites on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Xu S, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang C, Hong Q, Gu C, Xu R, Wang T, Yang Y, Zang J, Zhou Y, Li Z, Liu Q, Zhou B, Bai L, Zhu Y, Deng Q, Wang H, Lavillette D, Wong G, Xie Y, Cong Y, Huang Z. Emerg Microbes Infect 11 351-367 (2022)
  1526. Mapping the intersection of nanotechnology and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: A bibliometric analysis. Zhang X, Guo M, Huang Z, Huang Y, Wu C, Pan X. Infect Med (Beijing) 1 103-112 (2022)
  1527. Marine Alga Ulva fasciata-Derived Molecules for the Potential Treatment of SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico Approach. Kalasariya HS, Patel NB, Gacem A, Alsufyani T, Reece LM, Yadav VK, Awwad NS, Ibrahium HA, Ahn Y, Yadav KK, Jeon BH. Mar Drugs 20 586 (2022)
  1528. Mathematical modeling the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection with antibody-dependent enhancement. Song H, Yuan Z, Liu S, Jin Z, Sun G. Nonlinear Dyn 1-16 (2022)
  1529. Mechanosensing view of SARS-CoV-2 infection by a DNA nano-assembly. Zhang J, Huang Y, Sun M, Song T, Wan S, Yang C, Song Y. Cell Rep Phys Sci 3 101048 (2022)
  1530. Letter Mesenchymal stromal cells coated with anti-ACE2 antibodies might improve efficacy against COVID-19. Bakry NS, Abdelgawad M, Abdel-Latif A, Lotfy A. Hum Cell 35 418-420 (2022)
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  1533. Modeling of SARS-CoV-2 Virus Proteins: Implications on Its Proteome. Sarkar M, Saha S. Methods Mol Biol 2627 265-299 (2023)
  1534. Modeling studies on the role of vitamins B1 (thiamin), B3 (nicotinamide), B6 (pyridoxamine), and caffeine as potential leads for the drug design against COVID-19. Aghamohammadi M, Sirouspour M, Goncalves AS, França TCC, LaPlante SR, Shahdousti P. J Mol Model 28 380 (2022)
  1535. Molecular Mechanism of SARS-CoVs Orf6 Targeting the Rae1-Nup98 Complex to Compete With mRNA Nuclear Export. Li T, Wen Y, Guo H, Yang T, Yang H, Ji X. Front Mol Biosci 8 813248 (2021)
  1536. Molecular basis for drug repurposing to study the interface of the S protein in SARS-CoV-2 and human ACE2 through docking, characterization, and molecular dynamics for natural drug candidates. Alazmi M, Motwalli O. J Mol Model 26 338 (2020)
  1537. Molecular characterization and the mutation pattern of SARS-CoV-2 during first and second wave outbreaks in Hiroshima, Japan. Ko K, Nagashima S, E B, Ouoba S, Akita T, Sugiyama A, Ohisa M, Sakaguchi T, Tahara H, Ohge H, Ohdan H, Kubo T, Kishita E, Kuwabara M, Takahashi K, Tanaka J. PLoS One 16 e0246383 (2021)
  1538. Molecular cloning, characterization, and functional analysis of the uncharacterized C11orf96 gene. Yang H, Zhu J, Guo H, Tang A, Chen S, Zhang D, Yuan L, Liu G. BMC Vet Res 18 170 (2022)
  1539. Molecular docking and dynamic simulation of conserved B cell epitope of SARS-CoV-2 glycoprotein Indonesian isolates: an immunoinformatic approach. Rantam FA, Kharisma VD, Sumartono C, Nugraha J, Wijaya AY, Susilowati H, Kuncorojakti S, Nugraha AP. F1000Res 10 Chem Inf Sci-813 (2021)
  1540. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and in vitro studies reveal the potential of angiotensin II receptor blockers to inhibit the COVID-19 main protease. Alnajjar R, Mostafa A, Kandeil A, Al-Karmalawy AA. Heliyon 6 e05641 (2020)
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  1759. The Local Anaesthetic Procaine Prodrugs ProcCluster® and Procaine Hydrochloride Impair SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Egress In Vitro. Häring C, Jungwirth J, Schroeder J, Löffler B, Engert B, Ehrhardt C. Int J Mol Sci 24 14584 (2023)
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  1803. USP2 inhibition prevents infection with ACE2-dependent coronaviruses in vitro and is protective against SARS-CoV-2 in mice. Dang F, Bai L, Dong J, Hu X, Wang J, Paulo JA, Xiong Y, Liang X, Sun Y, Chen Y, Guo M, Wang X, Huang Z, Inuzuka H, Chen L, Chu C, Liu J, Zhang T, Rezaeian AH, Liu J, Kaniskan HÜ, Zhong B, Zhang J, Letko M, Jin J, Lan K, Wei W. Sci Transl Med 15 eadh7668 (2023)
  1804. Understanding the Spike Protein in COVID-19 Vaccine in Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (rVSV) Using Automated Capillary Western Blots. Gillespie PF, Wang Y, Hofmann C, Kuczynski LE, Winters MA, Teyral JL, Tubbs CM, Shiflett K, Patel N, Rustandi RR. ACS Omega 8 3319-3328 (2023)
  1805. Unleashing the potential of cell membrane-based nanoparticles for COVID-19 treatment and vaccination. Pereira-Silva M, Chauhan G, Shin MD, Hoskins C, Madou MJ, Martinez-Chapa SO, Steinmetz NF, Veiga F, Paiva-Santos AC. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 18 1395-1414 (2021)
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  1811. Using PyMOL to Understand Why COVID-19 Vaccines Save Lives. Maya C. J Chem Educ 100 1351-1356 (2023)
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