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Structures of mutants of cellulase Cel48F of Clostridium cellulolyticum in complex with long hemithiocellooligosaccharides give rise to a new view of the substrate pathway during processive action.

Parsiegla G, Reverbel C, Tardif C, Driguez H, Haser R
J Mol Biol 375 499-510 (2008)
Related entries: 1g9j, 2qno

Cited: 29 times
EuropePMC logo PMID: 18035374

Abstract

An efficient breakdown of lignocellulosic biomass is a prerequisite for the production of second-generation biofuels. Cellulases are key enzymes in this process. We crystallized complexes between hemithio-cello-deca and dodecaoses and the inactive mutants E44Q and E55Q of the endo-processive cellulase Cel48F, one of the most abundant cellulases in cellulosomes from Clostridium cellulolyticum, to elucidate its processive mechanism. In both complexes, the cellooligosaccharides occupy similar positions in the tunnel part of the active site but are more or less buried into the cleft, which hosts the active site. In the E44Q complex, it proceeds along the upper part of the cavity, while it occupies in the E55Q complex the same productive binding subsites in the lower part of the cavity that have previously been reported in Cel48F/cellooligosaccharide complexes. In both cases, the sugar moieties are stabilized by stacking interactions with aromatic side chains and H bonds. The upper pathway is gated by Tyr403, which blocks its access in the E55Q complex and offers a new stacking interaction in the E44Q complex. The new structural data give rise to the hypothesis of a two-step mechanism in which processive action and chain disruption occupy different subsites at the end of their trajectory. In the first part of the mechanism, the chain may smoothly slide up to the leaving group site along the upper pathway, while in the second part, the chain is cleaved in the already described productive binding position located in the lower pathway. The solved native structure of Cel48F without any bound sugar in the active site confirms the two side-chain orientations of the proton donor Glu55 as observed in the complex structures.

Articles - 1g9g mentioned but not cited (5)

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  1. Cellulosomes: highly efficient nanomachines designed to deconstruct plant cell wall complex carbohydrates. Fontes CM, Gilbert HJ. Annu Rev Biochem 79 655-681 (2010)
  2. The chitinolytic machinery of Serratia marcescens--a model system for enzymatic degradation of recalcitrant polysaccharides. Vaaje-Kolstad G, Horn SJ, Sørlie M, Eijsink VG. FEBS J 280 3028-3049 (2013)

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  16. Molecular dynamics simulation of the processive endocellulase Cel48F from Clostridium cellulolyticum: a novel "water-control mechanism" in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Zhang H, Zhang JL, Sun L, Niu XD, Wang S, Shan YM. J Mol Recognit 27 438-447 (2014)
  17. A potential fortuitous binding of inhibitors of an inverting family GH9 β-glycosidase derived from isofagomine. Moréra S, Vigouroux A, Stubbs KA. Org Biomol Chem 9 5945-5947 (2011)
  18. Molecular Dynamics and Metadynamics Simulations of the Cellulase Cel48F. Vital de Oliveira O, Vital de Oliveira O. Enzyme Res 2014 692738 (2014)
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Related citations provided by authors (2)

  1. Crystal structures of the cellulase Cel48F in complex with inhibitors and substrates give insights into its processive action.. Parsiegla G, Reverbel-Leroy C, Tardif C, Belaich JP, Driguez H, Haser R Biochemistry 39 11238-11246 (2000)
  2. The crystal structure of the processive endocellulase CelF of Clostridium cellulolyticum in complex with a thioligosaccharide inhibitor at 2.0 a resolution.. Parsiegla G, Juy M, Reverbel-Leroy C, Tardif C, Belaich JP, Driguez H, Haser R EMBO J. 17 5551-5562 (1998)

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